Information on Tseng/Ahead/Paradise EGAEnhanced Graphics Adapter(Enhanced Graphics Adapter) IBMInternational Busiuness Machines's second color video board for the IBMInternational Busiuness Machines PCIBM PC family, capable of a maximum resolution of 640x350 pixels in 16 simultaneous colors of a total of 64 possible colors. video modes from a list posted by Dan Kegel 3/87.

Information on the INT 10h functions supported by the EGAEnhanced Graphics Adapter(Enhanced Graphics Adapter) IBMInternational Busiuness Machines's second color video board for the IBMInternational Busiuness Machines PCIBM PC family, capable of a maximum resolution of 640x350 pixels in 16 simultaneous colors of a total of 64 possible colors. BIOS(Basic Input/Output System) A set of standardized calls giving low-level access to the hardware. The BIOS is the lowest software layer above the actual hardware and serves to insulate programs (and operating systems) which use it from the details of accessing the hardware directly. was derived from the article "Graphic Enhancement" found in the April 1985 _PC Tech Journal_, pages 58ff., and is marked with the string (EGAEnhanced Graphics Adapter(Enhanced Graphics Adapter) IBMInternational Busiuness Machines's second color video board for the IBMInternational Busiuness Machines PCIBM PC family, capable of a maximum resolution of 640x350 pixels in 16 simultaneous colors of a total of 64 possible colors.). jrh.

Information on functions unique to the Portable PCIBM PC and the Convertible was derived from a similar list compiled by David E. Powell, and added by Ralf Brown 11/14/87.

Information on LIM EMSsee Expanded Memory Specification 3.2 functions was derived from Advanced MSDOS, by Ray Duncan. Added by Ralf Brown 11/19/87.

Information on LIM EMSsee Expanded Memory Specification 4.0 functions was derived from the transcription of the specification by Dick Flanagan. Added by Ralf Brown, 11/20/87.

Some of the information on MCGAMulti-Color Graphics Array(Multi-Color Graphics Array) The low-end color adapter offered in IBMInternational Busiuness Machines's early PS/2IBM PS/2, any model series machines./VGAVideo Graphics Array(Video Graphics Array) The video adapter introduced with the IBMInternational Busiuness Machines PS/2IBM PS/2, any model series of computers. BIOS(Basic Input/Output System) A set of standardized calls giving low-level access to the hardware. The BIOS is the lowest software layer above the actual hardware and serves to insulate programs (and operating systems) which use it from the details of accessing the hardware directly. calls was derived from Byte, Volume 12 Number 12.

Various and sundry info on which machines support which calls was derived from the BIOS(Basic Input/Output System) A set of standardized calls giving low-level access to the hardware. The BIOS is the lowest software layer above the actual hardware and serves to insulate programs (and operating systems) which use it from the details of accessing the hardware directly. comparison in Byte, Volume 12 Number 12 and added by Ralf Brown, 1/4/88.

COMPAQ DOS 3.31 INT 25/26 from a posting by John Lefor, 1/25/88.

TopViewTopView, DESQview, TaskView, OmniView, other compatibles INT 15/AH=12h info from macro definitions by Daniel T. Travison JrIBM PCjr. Added 3/4/88. Some additional TopViewTopView, DESQview, TaskView, OmniView, other compatibles INT 15 info gleaned from "glue" routines by John Navas.

Quarterdeck's flyer on its overpriced API(Application Program[ming] Interface) The defined set of calls which a program may make to interact with or request services of the operating system or environment under which it is running. Because the inputs and outputs of the calls are well-defined, a program using the API can continue using the identical calls even if the internal organization of the program providing the API changes. specs and tools provided sufficient clues as to functionality to allow figuring out a large number of DESQview INT 15h calls.

MS Mouse driver calls derived from PCIBM PC Magazine, Vol 6 #13. Added 3/29/88.

Non-video PS/2IBM PS/2, any model BIOS(Basic Input/Output System) A set of standardized calls giving low-level access to the hardware. The BIOS is the lowest software layer above the actual hardware and serves to insulate programs (and operating systems) which use it from the details of accessing the hardware directly. calls derived from IBMInternational Busiuness MachinesInternational Busiuness Machines) A hardware, software and other service technology company founded in 1911. ROM(Read-Only Memory) A memory for program storage which may not be changed by the program as it runs. BIOS(Basic Input/Output System) A set of standardized calls giving low-level access to the hardware. The BIOS is the lowest software layer above the actual hardware and serves to insulate programs (and operating systems) which use it from the details of accessing the hardware directly. by Ray Duncan. Added by Ralf Brown, 7/6/88.

EEMS function calls derived from PCIBM PC Tech Journal, May 1987. Added by Ralf Brown, 7/11/88.

The list of functions used by Novell NetWare was taken from Novell's "NetWare Function Call Reference".

PCIBM PC Mouse information derived from the "PCIBM PC Mouse Reference Manual version 4.00"

10-Net INT 6Fh information derived from "10-Net Reference Manual version 2.0"

APPC/PCIBM PC INT 68h information derived from "Advanced Program-to-Program Communication for the IBMInternational Busiuness MachinesInternational Busiuness Machines) A hardware, software and other service technology company founded in 1911. Personal Computer, Programming Guide", second edition, Dec 1986.

CD-ROM function call information derived from "Microsoft MS-DOS CD-ROM Extensions Function Requests", dated May 28, 1988. Added by Ralf Brown, 9/19/88.

Novell NetWare function names from a 9/23/88 post by Marc Guyott <mguyott@mirror.TMC.COM>. Added by Ralf Brown, 9/30/88.

Miscellaneous data structures contributed by Helmut Waelder derived from descriptions in MS-DOS Encyclopedia.

Additional 10-Net INT 6F info from 10-Net version 3.3.10.

Additional Novell NetWare info from "Advanced NetWare 2.0 Reference".

Three miscellaneous calls from an info package by Dave Williams. I do wish he'd given this list more credit than "various text files downloaded from BBS systems - INTERRUP.ARC, BIOSDOS.ZOO, DOSINFO.ARC, DOSERROR.DOC, DOSTIPS.TXT, etc." considering that most of his interrupt listing is derived from this one (a majority of that with only formatting changes), AND he's asking a $15 shareware registration [newer versions do give better credit].

Compaq speed setting calls derived from the Compaq DeskPro 386 Technical Reference Guide.

TesSeRact RAM-resident API(Application Program[ming] Interface) The defined set of calls which a program may make to interact with or request services of the operating system or environment under which it is running. Because the inputs and outputs of the calls are well-defined, a program using the API can continue using the identical calls even if the internal organization of the program providing the API changes. calls derived from the documentation to the TesSeRact library v1.0, available on BBSs as TESS_10.ARC. Added by Ralf Brown, 11/29/88.

Various extended VGAVideo Graphics Array(Video Graphics Array) The video adapter introduced with the IBMInternational Busiuness Machines PS/2IBM PS/2, any model series of computers. video modes from PCIBM PC Tech Journal, Jan 1989. Added by Ralf Brown, 1/6/89.

HLLAPI functions derived from PCIBM PC Tech Journal, Jan 1989. Added by Ralf Brown, 1/7/89.

Virtual Control Program InterfaceA simple API for protected-mode programs to allocate memory and switch into or out of protected mode. See also DOS Protected-Mode Interface. functions derived from "Virtual Control Program Interface, Revision 1.0, December 1987", copyright Phar Lap Software and Quarterdeck Office Systems. Added by Ralf Brown, 2/21/89. Available for free by writing to Bob Moote, VCPIsee Virtual Control Program Interface Coordinator, Phar Lap Software, Inc., 60 Aberdeen Ave, Cambridge, MA 02138.

DOS 4.0 calls submitted by Helmut Waelder are largely derived from Advanced MSDOS Programming, by Ray Duncan, Second Edition.

pcANYWHERE API(Application Program[ming] Interface) The defined set of calls which a program may make to interact with or request services of the operating system or environment under which it is running. Because the inputs and outputs of the calls are well-defined, a program using the API can continue using the identical calls even if the internal organization of the program providing the API changes. functions derived from the pcANYWHERE v2.10 User's Guide. 4/7/89

Communicating Applications SpecificationDCA and Intel's standard programmatic interface for sending and receiving FAXes via any of a number of internal FAX boards. API(Application Program[ming] Interface) The defined set of calls which a program may make to interact with or request services of the operating system or environment under which it is running. Because the inputs and outputs of the calls are well-defined, a program using the API can continue using the identical calls even if the internal organization of the program providing the API changes. derived from "DCA/Intel Communicating Applications SpecificationDCA and Intel's standard programmatic interface for sending and receiving FAXes via any of a number of internal FAX boards., Version 1.0A", Sep 1988, copyright Digital Communications Associates, Inc and Intel Corp. Added by Ralf Brown, 4/18/89. Available on Intel's BBS at 503-645-6275.

Image Processing Interface API(Application Program[ming] Interface) The defined set of calls which a program may make to interact with or request services of the operating system or environment under which it is running. Because the inputs and outputs of the calls are well-defined, a program using the API can continue using the identical calls even if the internal organization of the program providing the API changes. derived from "Intel Image Processing Interface Specification, Version 1.0", copyright 1989 Intel Corp. Added by Ralf Brown, 4/19/89. Available on Intel's BBS at 503-645-6275.

More TesSeRact RAM-resident API(Application Program[ming] Interface) The defined set of calls which a program may make to interact with or request services of the operating system or environment under which it is running. Because the inputs and outputs of the calls are well-defined, a program using the API can continue using the identical calls even if the internal organization of the program providing the API changes. calls derived from the documentation to the TesSeRact library v1.1. Added by Ralf Brown, 4/30/89.

CD-ROM 2.10 function calls derived from "Microsoft MS-DOS CD-ROM Extensions Function Requests Specification, 29 March 1989". Added by Ralf Brown, 6/2/89.

Video7 VGAVideo Graphics Array(Video Graphics Array) The video adapter introduced with the IBMInternational Busiuness Machines PS/2IBM PS/2, any model series of computers. extended INT 10 calls derived from Video Seven VGAVideo Graphics Array(Video Graphics Array) The video adapter introduced with the IBMInternational Busiuness Machines PS/2IBM PS/2, any model series of computers. Technical Reference Manual, dated 6/30/88.

Additional video modes gleaned from configuration file for FRACTINT v8.0. Added by Ralf Brown, 6/26/89.

A variety of notes inspired by the 12/16/88 version of the MSDOS reference by Dave Williams. Added 7/30/89.

Additional video modes gleaned from configuration file for VPIC v2.0. Added by Ralf Brown, 9/2/89.

Btrieve API(Application Program[ming] Interface) The defined set of calls which a program may make to interact with or request services of the operating system or environment under which it is running. Because the inputs and outputs of the calls are well-defined, a program using the API can continue using the identical calls even if the internal organization of the program providing the API changes. derived from the Btrieve Reference Manual, Rev. 2.0. Added 9/7/89.

The Hercules GraphX manual, edition 2.1. Aug 1986, was used to fill in gaps in coverage. Info added 9/7/89.

Banyan VINES info summarized from VINES Programmer's Interface (DOS), June88 revision, provided by Barry Burke <Barry=Burke%3PM%Banyan@thing.banyan.com>. Added by Ralf Brown, 11/89.

ZIPKEY programmatic interface extracted from ZIPKEY documentation. Added by Ralf Brown, 12/15/89.

File sharing behavior from July 1987 PCIBM PC Tech Journal. Added by Ralf Brown, 12/21/89.

Inset API(Application Program[ming] Interface) The defined set of calls which a program may make to interact with or request services of the operating system or environment under which it is running. Because the inputs and outputs of the calls are well-defined, a program using the API can continue using the identical calls even if the internal organization of the program providing the API changes. derived from "Inset Extended Specification" 11/23/88 by Inset Systems Added 1/4/90.

EMS4 hardware configuration info data format cribbed from "MS-DOS Extensions Quick Reference" by Ray Duncan. Added 1/4/90.

PC-IPC API(Application Program[ming] Interface) The defined set of calls which a program may make to interact with or request services of the operating system or environment under which it is running. Because the inputs and outputs of the calls are well-defined, a program using the API can continue using the identical calls even if the internal organization of the program providing the API changes. from PC-IPC documentation. Added by Ralf Brown, 1/5/90.

Imtec and Genoa 6400 video modes from VPIC v2.3 config files. Added by Ralf Brown, 1/12/90.

LANtastic API(Application Program[ming] Interface) The defined set of calls which a program may make to interact with or request services of the operating system or environment under which it is running. Because the inputs and outputs of the calls are well-defined, a program using the API can continue using the identical calls even if the internal organization of the program providing the API changes. info derived from "LANtastic ™ Network Operating System Technical Reference Manual", provided by Edwin Floyd <76067.747@CompuServe.COM> Added by Ralf Brown, 1/90.

Phar Lap 386/DOS-extender API(Application Program[ming] Interface) The defined set of calls which a program may make to interact with or request services of the operating system or environment under which it is running. Because the inputs and outputs of the calls are well-defined, a program using the API can continue using the identical calls even if the internal organization of the program providing the API changes. extracted from Phar Lap's manual. Added 1/90.

IBMInternational Busiuness MachinesInternational Busiuness Machines) A hardware, software and other service technology company founded in 1911. 3270 Workstation Program API(Application Program[ming] Interface) The defined set of calls which a program may make to interact with or request services of the operating system or environment under which it is running. Because the inputs and outputs of the calls are well-defined, a program using the API can continue using the identical calls even if the internal organization of the program providing the API changes. derived from "IBMInternational Busiuness MachinesInternational Busiuness Machines) A hardware, software and other service technology company founded in 1911. 3270 Workstation Program Version 1.10, Programming Guide", dated December 1987. Added 2/90.

VESA(Video Electronics Standards Association) An industry group which sets both hardware and software standards and recommendations. The term VESA is also used to denote compliance with the VESA SuperVGA BIOS Extensions, a standard set of video BIOS functions for accessing video modes of higher resolution than those defined by IBMInternational Busiuness Machines. SuperVGA BIOS(Basic Input/Output System) A set of standardized calls giving low-level access to the hardware. The BIOS is the lowest software layer above the actual hardware and serves to insulate programs (and operating systems) which use it from the details of accessing the hardware directly. extensions derived from Dr. Dobb's Journal, April 1990. Added by Ralf Brown, 3/25/90.

Additional undocumentedInformation about a product which is not publicly available from the manufacturer, and must be determined by reverse-engineering (disassembly, trial-and-error, etc.). Undocumented information tends to change -- often dramatically -- between successive revisions of a product, since the manufacturer has no obligation to maintain compatibility in behavior which is not explicitly stated. DOS 4 info gleaned from Developing Applications Using DOS, by Christopher, Feigenbaum, and Saliga. Added by Ralf Brown, 3/29/90 and 3/31/90.

TAME v2.30 data structure provided by David G. Thomas. Added 5/26/90.

OS/386 API(Application Program[ming] Interface) The defined set of calls which a program may make to interact with or request services of the operating system or environment under which it is running. Because the inputs and outputs of the calls are well-defined, a program using the API can continue using the identical calls even if the internal organization of the program providing the API changes. call names extracted from Extending DOS by Ray Duncan et al. Added by Ralf Brown, 5/27/90.

Network Driver Interface Specification 2.0.1 calls extracted from the May 18, 1990 draft of the spec. Added by Ralf Brown, 6/7/90.

Additional Phar Lap 386/DOS-Extender calls extracted from Extending DOS. Added by Ralf Brown, 6/8/90.

Even more video modes derived from VPIC 2.8 configuration files. Added by Ralf Brown, 6/8/90.

DOS Protected ModeOne of the operating modes of the 80286 and higher Intel processors, in which addresses used by programs no longer correspond to physical addresses and the CPU enforces various protection mechanisms designed to prevent one program from disrupting other programs or the operating system. See also Real Mode, Virtual-86 Mode. Interface version 0.9 API(Application Program[ming] Interface) The defined set of calls which a program may make to interact with or request services of the operating system or environment under which it is running. Because the inputs and outputs of the calls are well-defined, a program using the API can continue using the identical calls even if the internal organization of the program providing the API changes. from the May 15,1990 version of the specification. Intel Corp. order number 240763-001. Added by Ralf Brown, July 13-14, 1990.

MSWindows INT 2F/AH=16h info gleaned from Microsoft Windows 3.0 Device DriverAn interface module between the device-independent portions of the operating system and an actual hardware device which converts device-independent requests into the actual sequence of device operations to perform the requested action. IO.SYS contains the standard, built-in MSDOS device drivers such as CON, COM1, AUX, PRN, etc. See also INT 21h Function 52h and INT 2Fh Function 0802h. Kit and the March 1990 issue of Computer Language. Added 7/17/90.

Tseng ET4000 chipset mode info from ET4000 Graphics Controller Data Book by Tseng Labs, Inc., Newtown, PA (215)968-0502. Added 7/25/90.

Additional Packet DriverAny one of the numerous drivers conforming to FTP Software's Packet Driver Specification, which provides a hardware-independent network interface. See also NDIS, ODI. API(Application Program[ming] Interface) The defined set of calls which a program may make to interact with or request services of the operating system or environment under which it is running. Because the inputs and outputs of the calls are well-defined, a program using the API can continue using the identical calls even if the internal organization of the program providing the API changes. calls extracted from version 1.09 of the "PCIBM PC/TCP(Transmission Control Protocol) A higher level (session layer) of the TCP/IP protocol suite. See also IP, TCP/IP. Packet DriverAny one of the numerous drivers conforming to FTP Software's Packet Driver Specification, which provides a hardware-independent network interface. See also NDIS, ODI. Specification" Sept 14, 1989, by FTP(File Transfer Protocol) The standard protocol for copying files from one machine to another on a TCP/IP (Internet) network. Also the program of the same name with which a user may transfer files. Software, Inc., 26 Princess St, Wakefield, MA 01880-3004. Added by Ralf Brown, 8/29/90.

Additional Netware 3.01 shell calls from "Professional Development Series Bullets" Volume 2, Number 5 (June 1990). Added 9/90.

Video FOSSIL(Fido/Opus/Seadog Standard Interface Layer) A standardized API for performing serial I/O, originally used by the Fido and Opus bulletin- board software and Seadog bulletin-board mailer, but now in wider use. INT 14 API(Application Program[ming] Interface) The defined set of calls which a program may make to interact with or request services of the operating system or environment under which it is running. Because the inputs and outputs of the calls are well-defined, a program using the API can continue using the identical calls even if the internal organization of the program providing the API changes. extracted from Fidonet document FSC-0021 version 1.00 by Rick Moore, dated May 23, 1988. Added by Ralf Brown, 9/12/90.

Additional DESQview API(Application Program[ming] Interface) The defined set of calls which a program may make to interact with or request services of the operating system or environment under which it is running. Because the inputs and outputs of the calls are well-defined, a program using the API can continue using the identical calls even if the internal organization of the program providing the API changes. info (mostly for v2.2+ calls) extracted from DESQview API(Application Program[ming] Interface) The defined set of calls which a program may make to interact with or request services of the operating system or environment under which it is running. Because the inputs and outputs of the calls are well-defined, a program using the API can continue using the identical calls even if the internal organization of the program providing the API changes. Reference, provided by Quarterdeck Office Systems,150 Pico Blvd, Santa Monica, CA 90405. Added by Ralf Brown, 9/90.

LANtastic v3.0 calls derived from the online "LANtastic ™ Network Operating System Technical Reference Manual", file date 6/13/90. Added by Ralf Brown, 10/6/90.

Additional DECnet DOS INT 69/INT 6A info derived from the "DECnet DOS Programmer's Reference Manual" (AA-EB46C-TV). Added 10/13/90.

Carbon Copy Plus API(Application Program[ming] Interface) The defined set of calls which a program may make to interact with or request services of the operating system or environment under which it is running. Because the inputs and outputs of the calls are well-defined, a program using the API can continue using the identical calls even if the internal organization of the program providing the API changes. derived from the Carbon Copy Plus user's manual. Added 11/2/90.

CMC International SCSI(Small Computer Systems Interface) A system-independent expansion bus typically used to connect hard disks, tape drives, and CD-ROMs to a computer. A host adapter connects the SCSI bus to the computer's own bus. See also ESDI, IDE. driver TARGA.DEV API(Application Program[ming] Interface) The defined set of calls which a program may make to interact with or request services of the operating system or environment under which it is running. Because the inputs and outputs of the calls are well-defined, a program using the API can continue using the identical calls even if the internal organization of the program providing the API changes. derived from its source code. Added 11/2/90.

Everex Viewpoint VGAVideo Graphics Array(Video Graphics Array) The video adapter introduced with the IBMInternational Busiuness Machines PS/2IBM PS/2, any model series of computers. calls derived from Everex Viewpoint Owner's Manual and Reference Guide, version 1.0. Added 11/3/90.

VESA(Video Electronics Standards Association) An industry group which sets both hardware and software standards and recommendations. The term VESA is also used to denote compliance with the VESA SuperVGA BIOS Extensions, a standard set of video BIOS functions for accessing video modes of higher resolution than those defined by IBMInternational Busiuness Machines. SuperVGA BIOS(Basic Input/Output System) A set of standardized calls giving low-level access to the hardware. The BIOS is the lowest software layer above the actual hardware and serves to insulate programs (and operating systems) which use it from the details of accessing the hardware directly. 1.1 extensions extracted from VESA(Video Electronics Standards Association) An industry group which sets both hardware and software standards and recommendations. The term VESA is also used to denote compliance with the VESA SuperVGA BIOS Extensions, a standard set of video BIOS functions for accessing video modes of higher resolution than those defined by IBMInternational Busiuness Machines. standard #VS900602. Added by Ralf Brown, 12/9/90.

PCSpool API(Application Program[ming] Interface) The defined set of calls which a program may make to interact with or request services of the operating system or environment under which it is running. Because the inputs and outputs of the calls are well-defined, a program using the API can continue using the identical calls even if the internal organization of the program providing the API changes. derived from PCIBM PC Magazine, Vol 10 Number 1 (Jan 15,1991). Added 12/20/90.

STARLITE calls derived from General Software Project STARLITE Architecture Specification, Final Draft, October 1, 1990, provided by Stephen Jones of General Software. Added by Ralf Brown, 1/5/91.

Communicating Applications SpecificationDCA and Intel's standard programmatic interface for sending and receiving FAXes via any of a number of internal FAX boards. v1.2 information extracted from "DCA/Intel Communicating Applications SpecificationDCA and Intel's standard programmatic interface for sending and receiving FAXes via any of a number of internal FAX boards. Version 1.2" dated 9/27/90 (Intel part number 301812-004) and available from the Intel BBS at (503)645-6275. Added by Ralf Brown, 2/23/91.

TBScanX v2.3 API(Application Program[ming] Interface) The defined set of calls which a program may make to interact with or request services of the operating system or environment under which it is running. Because the inputs and outputs of the calls are well-defined, a program using the API can continue using the identical calls even if the internal organization of the program providing the API changes. extracted from the TBScanX documentation (Frans Veldman, ESaSS B.V., P.O. Box 1380, 6501 BJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands). Added 3/12/91.

Novell IPX(Internetwork Packet Exchange) A low-level layer of Novell's NetWare networking software./SPX calls in part from an article by J. Vanderaart in the Dutch LAN-Magazine, issue #1, titled "IPX(Internetwork Packet Exchange) A low-level layer of Novell's NetWare networking software., de kabel in de knel". Added 3/16/91.

Replacements for July 1987 info derived from 80286 and 80287 Programmer's Reference Manual, Intel number 274798-004 IBMInternational Busiuness MachinesInternational Busiuness Machines) A hardware, software and other service technology company founded in 1911. ROM(Read-Only Memory) A memory for program storage which may not be changed by the program as it runs. BIOS(Basic Input/Output System) A set of standardized calls giving low-level access to the hardware. The BIOS is the lowest software layer above the actual hardware and serves to insulate programs (and operating systems) which use it from the details of accessing the hardware directly., Ray Duncan, "Programmer's Quick Reference Series" DOS and BIOS(Basic Input/Output System) A set of standardized calls giving low-level access to the hardware. The BIOS is the lowest software layer above the actual hardware and serves to insulate programs (and operating systems) which use it from the details of accessing the hardware directly. Functions Quick Reference, Que The MS-DOS Encyclopedia, Microsoft Press Advanced MSDOS, Ray Duncan (first edition, 1986) System BIOS(Basic Input/Output System) A set of standardized calls giving low-level access to the hardware. The BIOS is the lowest software layer above the actual hardware and serves to insulate programs (and operating systems) which use it from the details of accessing the hardware directly. for IBMInternational Busiuness MachinesInternational Busiuness Machines) A hardware, software and other service technology company founded in 1911. PCIBM PC/XTIBM PC XT/ATIBM PC AT Computers and Compatibles, Phoenix Technical Reference Series PCIBM PC Tech Journal, December 1984, April 1986, May 1986, and August 1988 Programmer's Journal, v8 #1 Byte, v12 #12 (1987 Extra Edition) Information added by Ralf Brown, 3/91.

John J. Seal's BIOS(Basic Input/Output System) A set of standardized calls giving low-level access to the hardware. The BIOS is the lowest software layer above the actual hardware and serves to insulate programs (and operating systems) which use it from the details of accessing the hardware directly. Window Extension v1.1 API(Application Program[ming] Interface) The defined set of calls which a program may make to interact with or request services of the operating system or environment under which it is running. Because the inputs and outputs of the calls are well-defined, a program using the API can continue using the identical calls even if the internal organization of the program providing the API changes. extracted from the May 1986 Dr. Dobb's Journal. Added by Ralf Brown, 3/23/91.

Some additional NetWare data structures and flag values from NetWare System Interface Technical Overview by Novell. Added by Ralf Brown, 3/24/91.

Alloy ANSK, NTNX, and MW386 calls summarized from information provided by Joseph G. Souza and Frank Gladu of Alloy Computer Products, Inc. "Alloy and its employees are not to be held responsible for any errors which may be contained in the information provided." Added by Ralf Brown, 4/91.

Windows 3.0 DOSX information from PCIBM PC Magazine, Feb 26, 1991. Added 4/22/91.

MultiDOS Plus API(Application Program[ming] Interface) The defined set of calls which a program may make to interact with or request services of the operating system or environment under which it is running. Because the inputs and outputs of the calls are well-defined, a program using the API can continue using the identical calls even if the internal organization of the program providing the API changes. summarized from the on-line manual provided by Nanosoft, Inc. (available on the Nanosoft BBS at 508-650-9552). Added by Ralf Brown, 4/91.

Replacements for July 1987 networking INT 2A calls gleaned from Networking Software, ed. Colin B. Ungaro (McGraw Hill), p265. Added by Ralf Brown, 5/8/91.

Common Access Method r2.3 calls and data structures extracted from "SCSI-2 Common Access Method, Transport and SCSI(Small Computer Systems Interface) A system-independent expansion bus typically used to connect hard disks, tape drives, and CD-ROMs to a computer. A host adapter connects the SCSI bus to the computer's own bus. See also ESDI, IDE. Interface Module, Rev 2.3", dated February 25, 1991, by the Computer and Business Equipment Manufacturers Association (CBEMA). Available from the SCSI(Small Computer Systems Interface) A system-independent expansion bus typically used to connect hard disks, tape drives, and CD-ROMs to a computer. A host adapter connects the SCSI bus to the computer's own bus. See also ESDI, IDE. BBS, (316)636-8700. Added by Ralf Brown, 6/7/91.

DOS Protected ModeOne of the operating modes of the 80286 and higher Intel processors, in which addresses used by programs no longer correspond to physical addresses and the CPU enforces various protection mechanisms designed to prevent one program from disrupting other programs or the operating system. See also Real Mode, Virtual-86 Mode. Interface spec 1.0 calls extracted from DOS Protected Mode Interface (DPMIsee DOS Protected-Mode Interface) Specification, Version 1.0, dated March 12, 1991, Intel Corp. order number 240977-001. Added by Ralf Brown, 6/11/91.

CD-ROM device driver request headers extracted from "Microsoft MS-DOS CD-ROM Extensions Hardware-Dependent Device DriverAn interface module between the device-independent portions of the operating system and an actual hardware device which converts device-independent requests into the actual sequence of device operations to perform the requested action. IO.SYS contains the standard, built-in MSDOS device drivers such as CON, COM1, AUX, PRN, etc. See also INT 21h Function 52h and INT 2Fh Function 0802h. Specification" of 5 Aug 88. Added by Ralf Brown, 7/25/91.

Some DOS 5.0 information extracted from Microsoft MSDOS Programmer's Reference, ISBN 1-55615-329-5. Added 7/28/91.

DOS 5.0 task switcher interface and misc other info extracted from Microsoft Programmer's Reference, ISBN 1-55615-329-5. Added by Ralf Brown, 8/3/91.

Turbo Debugger hardware breakpoint interface extracted from the Borland C++ 2.0 file MANUAL.TNT. Added by Ralf Brown, 8/4/91.

Various and sundry references from Michael Shiels: Fundamentals of FOSSIL(Fido/Opus/Seadog Standard Interface Layer) A standardized API for performing serial I/O, originally used by the Fido and Opus bulletin- board software and Seadog bulletin-board mailer, but now in wider use. Implementation and Use, Draft Version 4 August 10, 1987; Vincent E. Perriello, VEP Software FSC-0015 Fundamentals of FOSSIL(Fido/Opus/Seadog Standard Interface Layer) A standardized API for performing serial I/O, originally used by the Fido and Opus bulletin- board software and Seadog bulletin-board mailer, but now in wider use. Implementation and Use, Version 5 February 11, 1988; Rick More, Solar Wind Computing FSC-0008 eXtended Memory Specification (XMSsee Extended Memory Specification), version 2.0 July 19, 1988; Microsoft Corporation Virtual DMAsee Direct Memory Access Services (VDSsee Virtual DMA Specification), Version 1.00 Printed July 16, 1990; Microsoft Corporation Enhanced Expanded Memory SpecificationA specification devised by Lotus, Intel, and Microsoft for accessing more than one megabyte of memory by bank-switching additional memory into the one megabyte real mode address space. (Enhanced EMSsee Expanded Memory Specification), version 2.0 (020022-001 A), July 1986; AST Research, Quadram Inc., Ashton- Tate

Additional video modes extracted from the VPIC v4.6 configuration files. Added by Ralf Brown, 9/14/91.

Japanese functions extracted from the January 1992 issue of Windows/DOS Developer's Journal: "Japanese Double Byte Character Processing", John G. Nelson, p23. "Uncovering the NEC-9801 PCIBM PC", John G. Nelson, p35. Added by Ralf Brown, 1/2/92.

Additional SMARTDRV info gleaned from "Programmer's Workbench", Dr. Dobb's Journal, January 1992. Added by Ralf Brown, 1/4/92.

Miscellaneous tidbits found in Andrew Rossman's (andyross@infopls.chi.il.us) INFOPLUS v1.50 of January 1, 1992. Added by Ralf Brown, 1/4/92.

Da Vinci eMail Dispatcher interface calls were extracted from the Da Vinci Systems Dispatcher Development Toolkit (Revision 2), dated 20 June 1990. Added 1/7/92.

FaxBIOS calls and structures gleaned from the FaxBios sample source code including struct/enum .h files (dated 1 October 1991). Added 1/8/92.

TaskMAX calls extracted from Digital Research Inc.'s DR DOS 6.0 TaskMAX API(Application Program[ming] Interface) The defined set of calls which a program may make to interact with or request services of the operating system or environment under which it is running. Because the inputs and outputs of the calls are well-defined, a program using the API can continue using the identical calls even if the internal organization of the program providing the API changes. document. Added by Ralf Brown, 1/16/92.

SOLLEX SuperVGA calls extracted from SOLLEX Super VGAVideo Graphics Array(Video Graphics Array) The video adapter introduced with the IBMInternational Busiuness Machines PS/2IBM PS/2, any model series of computers. Standard (Smos videO controLLer EXtensions), No. S03-SP-001-01, dated 9/23/91, copyright Seiko Epson Corp. Added by Ralf Brown, 1/20/92.

RSIS information was found in "RSIS: Relocated Screen Interface Specification", available for free from V Communications, Inc. (see below).

"Strategies for Writing State-of-the-Art TSRs that exploit MS-DOS", Douglas Boling, Microsoft Systems Journal volume 7 number 1.

Advanced Power Management calls abstracted from Advanced Power Management The Next Generation, Version 1.0, by Intel Corporation and Microsoft Corp. Added by Ralf Brown, 3/31/92.

PGS1600.DEV info extracted from PG1600 Display Adapter, Installation and Reference First Edition, November 1987, P/N 0010216-101A by CornerStone Technology. Added 4/10/92.

Borland debug info header was found in Borland's Open Architecture Handbook. Added by Ralf Brown, 4/14/92.

Several DR Multiuser DOS (Concurrent CP/M(Control Program for Microcomputers) An early operating system for micros based on the 8-bit Intel 8080 CPU (and later the compatible 8085 and Zilog Z80 CPUs). MSDOS version 1.0 was essentially a clone of CP/M for the Intel 8086.) calls found in "Multiuser DOS for Control Systems: Part I" by Richard Kryszak, Dr. Dobbs Journal, April 1992. Added 4/18/92.

Vanderaart text-windows API(Application Program[ming] Interface) The defined set of calls which a program may make to interact with or request services of the operating system or environment under which it is running. Because the inputs and outputs of the calls are well-defined, a program using the API can continue using the identical calls even if the internal organization of the program providing the API changes. found in J. Vanderaart,"The Golden Btriever", LAN Magazine, July 1990, p. 85. Added 4/18/92.

SuperVGA v1.2 info from Super VGAVideo Graphics Array(Video Graphics Array) The video adapter introduced with the IBMInternational Busiuness Machines PS/2IBM PS/2, any model series of computers. BIOS(Basic Input/Output System) A set of standardized calls giving low-level access to the hardware. The BIOS is the lowest software layer above the actual hardware and serves to insulate programs (and operating systems) which use it from the details of accessing the hardware directly. Extension, standard #VS911022, October 22, 1991. Added 5/6/92.

Additional partition types from a public domain list by Sean Goggin <sean@u36.kwnet.on.ca>. Added 5/22/92.

XMSsee Extended Memory Specification 3.0 calls were found in XMS30.TXT on the CompuServer MSLANG forum.

Vanderaart PCIBM PC Thuis Shell calls extracted from the premiere (June/July 1990) issue of PCIBM PC Thuis Power magazine, column "Voorheen Methode Vanderaart" by John Vanderaart. Added 7/24/92.

Additional video modes extracted from the VPIC v5.0 configuration files. Added by Ralf Brown, 8/7/92.

Details on the NetWare API(Application Program[ming] Interface) The defined set of calls which a program may make to interact with or request services of the operating system or environment under which it is running. Because the inputs and outputs of the calls are well-defined, a program using the API can continue using the identical calls even if the internal organization of the program providing the API changes. found in Novell's NetWare System Calls--DOS, Volume I and Volume II (item numbers 100-000571-002 and 100-000572-002, 1989). Added by Ralf Brown, 9/92.

SNAP.EXE v3.2 API(Application Program[ming] Interface) The defined set of calls which a program may make to interact with or request services of the operating system or environment under which it is running. Because the inputs and outputs of the calls are well-defined, a program using the API can continue using the identical calls even if the internal organization of the program providing the API changes. culled from the SNAP source code. Added by Ralf Brown, 9/10/92.

FlashTek X-32VM calls extracted from the X-32VM manual of April 1, 1992.

Comtrol Hostess i/ISA(Industry-Standard Architecture) The expansion bus used by the IBMInternational Busiuness Machines PCIBM PC/ATIBM PC AT. See also EISA. interrupt usage from the COMTROL HOSTESS i/ISA(Industry-Standard Architecture) The expansion bus used by the IBMInternational Busiuness Machines PCIBM PC/ATIBM PC AT. See also EISA. Programmer's Reference, First Edition, December 1991 COMTROL Corporation product number 6978-12/96/91.

Disk Spool II v4.0x documented API(Application Program[ming] Interface) The defined set of calls which a program may make to interact with or request services of the operating system or environment under which it is running. Because the inputs and outputs of the calls are well-defined, a program using the API can continue using the identical calls even if the internal organization of the program providing the API changes. extracted from file SP2INTFC.DOC, included with the Disk Spool II v4.05.04 distribution. Added by Ralf Brown, 1/22/93.

Novell Link Support Layer API(Application Program[ming] Interface) The defined set of calls which a program may make to interact with or request services of the operating system or environment under which it is running. Because the inputs and outputs of the calls are well-defined, a program using the API can continue using the identical calls even if the internal organization of the program providing the API changes. extracted from Novell's ODI(Open Data-link Interface) A hardware-independent network interface developed by Novell, Inc. See also NDIS, Packet Driver. Developer's Guide for DOS Protocol Stacks, Rev 1.1 3/18/92. Available for anonymous FTP(File Transfer Protocol) The standard protocol for copying files from one machine to another on a TCP/IP (Internet) network. Also the program of the same name with which a user may transfer files. from sjf-lwp.novell.com. Added by Ralf Brown, 2/93.

VADMAD device info from Microsoft KnowledgeBase article Q83012, "Using Auto- Initialize DMAsee Direct Memory Access under Windows" (4/17/92). Added 2/24/93.

Windows 3.0 Virtual DMAsee Direct Memory Access Spec bugs extracted from Microsoft KnowledgeBase article Q77998, "Errors in the VDSsee Virtual DMA Specification API(Application Program[ming] Interface) The defined set of calls which a program may make to interact with or request services of the operating system or environment under which it is running. Because the inputs and outputs of the calls are well-defined, a program using the API can continue using the identical calls even if the internal organization of the program providing the API changes. in Enhanced Mode Windows" (11/8/91). Added 2/24/93.

IBMSND driver API(Application Program[ming] Interface) The defined set of calls which a program may make to interact with or request services of the operating system or environment under which it is running. Because the inputs and outputs of the calls are well-defined, a program using the API can continue using the identical calls even if the internal organization of the program providing the API changes. info from "Examining PCIBM PC Audio, welcome to the wild and wooly world of PCIBM PC Sound", John W. Ratcliff, DDJ #198 (March 1993), p. 78-85. Added 3/93.

UM587 chipset video modes from "IBMInternational Busiuness MachinesInternational Busiuness Machines) A hardware, software and other service technology company founded in 1911. VGA-Compatible Video Graphics Controller User's Manual". Added by Ralf Brown, 5/22/93.

Cirrus Logic CL-GD 5420/5422/5426 video modes extracted from "V542X (Super VGAVideo Graphics Array(Video Graphics Array) The video adapter introduced with the IBMInternational Busiuness Machines PS/2IBM PS/2, any model series of computers.) User Manual". Added by Ralf Brown, 5/22/93.

Additional Tseng ET-3000 info extracted from "Puretek VGAVideo Graphics Array(Video Graphics Array) The video adapter introduced with the IBMInternational Busiuness Machines PS/2IBM PS/2, any model series of computers. Ultra Advanced Graphics Board Operations Guide". Added by Ralf Brown, 5/22/93.

Additional virusA program which attaches itself to other programs for the purpose of duplicating itself. Viruses often (but not always) contain harmful code which is triggered by some event, after a certain number of reproductions, or on a specific date. See also worm. calls extracted from the Computer Virus Catalog maintained by Prof. Dr. Klaus Brunnstein <brunnstein@rz.informatik.uni-hamburg.dbp.de> at the University of Hamburg. Added by Ralf Brown, 5/25/93.

Software Carousel API(Application Program[ming] Interface) The defined set of calls which a program may make to interact with or request services of the operating system or environment under which it is running. Because the inputs and outputs of the calls are well-defined, a program using the API can continue using the identical calls even if the internal organization of the program providing the API changes. extracted from a technical note dated 1/20/88. Added 6/4/93.

DIET v1.43e API(Application Program[ming] Interface) The defined set of calls which a program may make to interact with or request services of the operating system or environment under which it is running. Because the inputs and outputs of the calls are well-defined, a program using the API can continue using the identical calls even if the internal organization of the program providing the API changes. from DIETAPI.DOC "DIET APPLICATION INTERFACE version 1.43e" by Teddy Matsumoto, 11/22/91. Added 6/4/93.

xDISK v3.32+ installation check extracted from the xDISK v3.40 documentation. Added by Ralf Brown, 6/4/93.

NetWare Access Server Driver API(Application Program[ming] Interface) The defined set of calls which a program may make to interact with or request services of the operating system or environment under which it is running. Because the inputs and outputs of the calls are well-defined, a program using the API can continue using the identical calls even if the internal organization of the program providing the API changes. extracted from "NetWare Access Server Driver Specification", Version 1.0 (November 17, 1992), Novell part number 107-000018-002. Added by Ralf Brown, 6/12/93.

Chips&Technologies VGAVideo Graphics Array(Video Graphics Array) The video adapter introduced with the IBMInternational Busiuness Machines PS/2IBM PS/2, any model series of computers. BIOS(Basic Input/Output System) A set of standardized calls giving low-level access to the hardware. The BIOS is the lowest software layer above the actual hardware and serves to insulate programs (and operating systems) which use it from the details of accessing the hardware directly. INT 10/5Fxx extracted from Programmer's Guide to EGAEnhanced Graphics Adapter(Enhanced Graphics Adapter) IBMInternational Busiuness Machines's second color video board for the IBMInternational Busiuness Machines PCIBM PC family, capable of a maximum resolution of 640x350 pixels in 16 simultaneous colors of a total of 64 possible colors. and VGAVideo Graphics Array(Video Graphics Array) The video adapter introduced with the IBMInternational Busiuness Machines PS/2IBM PS/2, any model series of computers. Programming, 2nd edtion. Added 6/24/93.

Cloaking API(Application Program[ming] Interface) The defined set of calls which a program may make to interact with or request services of the operating system or environment under which it is running. Because the inputs and outputs of the calls are well-defined, a program using the API can continue using the identical calls even if the internal organization of the program providing the API changes. based on CLOAKAPI.INC and RMFUNCS.DOC on Netroom Supplemental Disk. Added by Ralf Brown, 6/24/93.

Cirrus Logic BIOS(Basic Input/Output System) A set of standardized calls giving low-level access to the hardware. The BIOS is the lowest software layer above the actual hardware and serves to insulate programs (and operating systems) which use it from the details of accessing the hardware directly. info from the Cirrus Logic CL-GD542X Technical Reference Manual, dated April 1993. Added 7/13/93.

Some QEMM internal functions documented in Quarterdeck files QDMEM.DOC and QPI.DOC, dated 6/15/93. Added by Ralf Brown, 7/18/93.

10NET v5.0 calls and data structures extracted from "10NET 5.0 Implementation Spec", chapter 5. Added by Ralf Brown, 7/24/93.

Phar Lap 386|DOS-Extender v4.0/4.1 info extracted from 386DOSX.DOC. Added 7/27/93.

Novell NetWare 3270 API(Application Program[ming] Interface) The defined set of calls which a program may make to interact with or request services of the operating system or environment under which it is running. Because the inputs and outputs of the calls are well-defined, a program using the API can continue using the identical calls even if the internal organization of the program providing the API changes. (INT 6F) extracted from Novell SNA Note 3-133, "API(Application Program[ming] Interface) The defined set of calls which a program may make to interact with or request services of the operating system or environment under which it is running. Because the inputs and outputs of the calls are well-defined, a program using the API can continue using the identical calls even if the internal organization of the program providing the API changes./HLLAPI INFORMATION", dated March 7, 1991. Added by Ralf Brown, 7/28/93.

PCMCIA Socket Services from PCMCIA Socket Services Interface Specification, Revision A.00, dated June 20, 1991. Added by Ralf Brown, 8/30/93.

MEMORY.LST updates from "IBMInternational Busiuness MachinesInternational Busiuness Machines) A hardware, software and other service technology company founded in 1911. Local Area Network Technical Reference" SC30-3383-03, December 1990 (page D-31), and "IBMInternational Busiuness MachinesInternational Busiuness Machines) A hardware, software and other service technology company founded in 1911. PS/2IBM PS/2, any model and PCIBM PC BIOS(Basic Input/Output System) A set of standardized calls giving low-level access to the hardware. The BIOS is the lowest software layer above the actual hardware and serves to insulate programs (and operating systems) which use it from the details of accessing the hardware directly. Interface Technical Reference" (September 1991 edition). Added 9/24/93.

Connection Manager API(Application Program[ming] Interface) The defined set of calls which a program may make to interact with or request services of the operating system or environment under which it is running. Because the inputs and outputs of the calls are well-defined, a program using the API can continue using the identical calls even if the internal organization of the program providing the API changes. extracted from The Connection Manager User's Guide, Third Edition, February 1993. Added by Ralf Brown, 10/18/93.

NetWare multiplexor (INT 21/AH=F2h) calls from November 1993 Dr. Dobb's Journal "Undocumented Corner" (Pawel Szczerbina, "The NetWare Core Protocol (NCP)") and Novell's SC3X04.EXE (available from NOVLIB and ftp://ftp.novell.com). Added by Ralf Brown, 10/26/93.

Additional Microsoft Mouse driver details from Microsoft Knowledge Base articles, available for anonymous FTP(File Transfer Protocol) The standard protocol for copying files from one machine to another on a TCP/IP (Internet) network. Also the program of the same name with which a user may transfer files. from ftp://ftp.microsoft.com. Added by Ralf Brown, 10/26/93.

HLLAPI return codes extracted from Microsoft's Windows HLLAPI Specification, version 1.0 (10/6/92). Added by Ralf Brown, 10/31/93.

Chicago VxDA virtual device driver for Windows 3.x or 95. So called because nearly all of the Windows 3.0 drivers had names of the form "VdeviceD". See also device driver. identifiers from "Undocumented Corner", Dr. Dobb's Journal December 1993. Added by Ralf Brown, 11/19/93.

SBSIM (SoundBlasterA common sound card developed by Creative Labs. Simplified Interface Module) API(Application Program[ming] Interface) The defined set of calls which a program may make to interact with or request services of the operating system or environment under which it is running. Because the inputs and outputs of the calls are well-defined, a program using the API can continue using the identical calls even if the internal organization of the program providing the API changes. extracted from file SBSIMDMO.C, distributed along with the other files for SoundBlasterA common sound card developed by Creative Labs.: The Official Book. Added by Ralf Brown, 1/22/94.

Windows debugging kernel calls from Undocumented Windows and Windows Internals. Added 1/22/94.

YEA_GUS.EXE and EURO_MOD.EXE APIs from the SPHINX C-- v0.189 example files GUS.H-- and GUSMOD.H--. Added by Ralf Brown, 1/31/94.

ZFAX v3 API(Application Program[ming] Interface) The defined set of calls which a program may make to interact with or request services of the operating system or environment under which it is running. Because the inputs and outputs of the calls are well-defined, a program using the API can continue using the identical calls even if the internal organization of the program providing the API changes. from the ZFAX v3.01 manual, Appendix D. Added 2/3/94.

Husky Hunter 16 BIOS(Basic Input/Output System) A set of standardized calls giving low-level access to the hardware. The BIOS is the lowest software layer above the actual hardware and serves to insulate programs (and operating systems) which use it from the details of accessing the hardware directly. from the Husky Hunter 16 User Guide, 2nd edition (Sept 1991). Added 2/4/94.

Additional ASPI information from Brian Sawert's ASCILOOK utility, published in the March 1994 Dr. Dobb's Journal. Added by Ralf Brown, 3/26/94.

Novell XQL INT 7Bh from XQL C interface source of 7/89. Added by Ralf Brown, 3/94.

Various PSIBM PS/2, any model/1 and DOS/V calls were found in Frank van Gilluwe's book The Undocumented PCIBM PC, Addison-Wesley 1994. ISBN 0-201-62277-7. Added by Ralf Brown, 4/16/94.

Various ports and miscellaneous data structure were found in Frank van Gilluwe's book The Undocumented PCIBM PC, Addison-Wesley 1994. ISBN 0-201-62277-7. Added by Ralf Brown, 6/5/94.

Compaq QVision info from the COMPAQ QVision Graphics System Technical Reference Guide, second edition (October 1993). Compaq part number 073A/0693. Added by Ralf Brown, 7/31/94.

Cloaking v1.01 info from the Cloaking™ Developer's Toolkit, first edition (October 1993), provided by Helix Software. Helix part number N04,1093. Added by Ralf Brown, 8/94.

K3PLUS API(Application Program[ming] Interface) The defined set of calls which a program may make to interact with or request services of the operating system or environment under which it is running. Because the inputs and outputs of the calls are well-defined, a program using the API can continue using the identical calls even if the internal organization of the program providing the API changes. from the K3API.DOC file v2.04 for K3PLUS. Added by Ralf Brown, 8/7/94.

QEMM port-trapping API(Application Program[ming] Interface) The defined set of calls which a program may make to interact with or request services of the operating system or environment under which it is running. Because the inputs and outputs of the calls are well-defined, a program using the API can continue using the identical calls even if the internal organization of the program providing the API changes. extracted from the QEMM v7.5 manual. Added by Ralf Brown, 10/22/94.

IBMInternational Busiuness MachinesInternational Busiuness Machines) A hardware, software and other service technology company founded in 1911. 8514/A and XGA(Extended Graphics Array) Adapter Interface calls extracted from Richard F. Ferraro's Programmer's Guide to the EGAEnhanced Graphics Adapter(Enhanced Graphics Adapter) IBMInternational Busiuness Machines's second color video board for the IBMInternational Busiuness Machines PCIBM PC family, capable of a maximum resolution of 640x350 pixels in 16 simultaneous colors of a total of 64 possible colors., VGAVideo Graphics Array(Video Graphics Array) The video adapter introduced with the IBMInternational Busiuness Machines PS/2IBM PS/2, any model series of computers., and Super VGAVideo Graphics Array(Video Graphics Array) The video adapter introduced with the IBMInternational Busiuness Machines PS/2IBM PS/2, any model series of computers. Cards, third edition. Added by Ralf Brown, 10/94.

Enhanced Disk Drive Specification calls and tables from Phoenix Technologies' Enhanced Disk Drive Specification , Version 1.0, dated January 25, 1994. Added 10/94.

VSWITCHD VxDA virtual device driver for Windows 3.x or 95. So called because nearly all of the Windows 3.0 drivers had names of the form "VdeviceD". See also device driver. API(Application Program[ming] Interface) The defined set of calls which a program may make to interact with or request services of the operating system or environment under which it is running. Because the inputs and outputs of the calls are well-defined, a program using the API can continue using the identical calls even if the internal organization of the program providing the API changes. from "Q&A MSDOS" column by Jeff Prosise in the September 1994 Microsoft System Journal. SHELL VxDA virtual device driver for Windows 3.x or 95. So called because nearly all of the Windows 3.0 drivers had names of the form "VdeviceD". See also device driver. API(Application Program[ming] Interface) The defined set of calls which a program may make to interact with or request services of the operating system or environment under which it is running. Because the inputs and outputs of the calls are well-defined, a program using the API can continue using the identical calls even if the internal organization of the program providing the API changes. from "Windows Questions and Answers", Windows/DOS Developer's Journal, August 1994. POSTMSG VxDA virtual device driver for Windows 3.x or 95. So called because nearly all of the Windows 3.0 drivers had names of the form "VdeviceD". See also device driver. API(Application Program[ming] Interface) The defined set of calls which a program may make to interact with or request services of the operating system or environment under which it is running. Because the inputs and outputs of the calls are well-defined, a program using the API can continue using the identical calls even if the internal organization of the program providing the API changes. from "Q&A MSDOS", Microsoft Systems Journal, November 1994. Added 11/5/94.

VESA(Video Electronics Standards Association) An industry group which sets both hardware and software standards and recommendations. The term VESA is also used to denote compliance with the VESA SuperVGA BIOS Extensions, a standard set of video BIOS functions for accessing video modes of higher resolution than those defined by IBMInternational Busiuness Machines. Audio Interface calls from the VBEAI SDK include files. Added 1/3/95.

VESA(Video Electronics Standards Association) An industry group which sets both hardware and software standards and recommendations. The term VESA is also used to denote compliance with the VESA SuperVGA BIOS Extensions, a standard set of video BIOS functions for accessing video modes of higher resolution than those defined by IBMInternational Busiuness Machines. SuperVGA BIOS(Basic Input/Output System) A set of standardized calls giving low-level access to the hardware. The BIOS is the lowest software layer above the actual hardware and serves to insulate programs (and operating systems) which use it from the details of accessing the hardware directly. v2.0 calls gleaned from SVGAKit v5.1beta1 by SciTech Software. Added by Ralf Brown, 1/6/95.

PCMCIA ExCA function names from "Programmer's Guide to the AMIBIOS", ISBN 0-07-001562-7, page 395. Added 1/7/95.

Hewlett Packard EX-BIOS functions extracted from the HP Vectra ATIBM PC AT Technical Reference Manual ,Vol 2: System BIOS(Basic Input/Output System) A set of standardized calls giving low-level access to the hardware. The BIOS is the lowest software layer above the actual hardware and serves to insulate programs (and operating systems) which use it from the details of accessing the hardware directly., first edition, September 1985. Added 1/95.

Plug-and-Play BIOS(Basic Input/Output System) A set of standardized calls giving low-level access to the hardware. The BIOS is the lowest software layer above the actual hardware and serves to insulate programs (and operating systems) which use it from the details of accessing the hardware directly. specs extracted from Plug and Play BIOS(Basic Input/Output System) A set of standardized calls giving low-level access to the hardware. The BIOS is the lowest software layer above the actual hardware and serves to insulate programs (and operating systems) which use it from the details of accessing the hardware directly. Specification Version 1.0A (May 5, 1994). Added by Ralf Brown, 3/4/95.

Extended System Configuration Data formats extracted from Extended System Configuration Data Specification Version 1.01 (December 28, 1993). Added by Ralf Brown, 3/5/95.

Plug-and-Play Configuration Manager API(Application Program[ming] Interface) The defined set of calls which a program may make to interact with or request services of the operating system or environment under which it is running. Because the inputs and outputs of the calls are well-defined, a program using the API can continue using the identical calls even if the internal organization of the program providing the API changes. extracted from Plug and Play Device Driver Interface Version 1.0C (October 5, 1993). Added by Ralf Brown, 3/6/95.

Comments about PCIBM PC LAN Program from IBMInternational Busiuness MachinesInternational Busiuness Machines) A hardware, software and other service technology company founded in 1911. PCIBM PC Local Area Network Program User's Guide Third edition (April 1987, for Release 1.2). Added 3/17/95.

QRIP API(Application Program[ming] Interface) The defined set of calls which a program may make to interact with or request services of the operating system or environment under which it is running. Because the inputs and outputs of the calls are well-defined, a program using the API can continue using the identical calls even if the internal organization of the program providing the API changes. extracted from QRIPTECH.TXT in RIPCPP10.ZIP (C++ class library for using QRIP/TSR(Terminate and Stay Resident) A program which remains in memory after terminating in order to provide services to other programs or the user. The name comes from the name of the DOS function call used to remain in memory after termination.). Added 3/17/95.

AMIAmerican Megatrends, Inc.(American Megatrends, Inc.) A hardware, software and firmware company founded in 1985. BIOS-FLASH interface from "AMIFLASH - Flash Implementation Guide", available as FLASH110.ZIP on American Megatrends' BBS and FTP(File Transfer Protocol) The standard protocol for copying files from one machine to another on a TCP/IP (Internet) network. Also the program of the same name with which a user may transfer files. sites. Added 3/31/95.

Many Windows VxDA virtual device driver for Windows 3.x or 95. So called because nearly all of the Windows 3.0 drivers had names of the form "VdeviceD". See also device driver. function numbers extracted from PharLap's PHARLAPX header file PHAR386.H. Added by Ralf Brown 4/14/95.

PHARLAPX VxDA virtual device driver for Windows 3.x or 95. So called because nearly all of the Windows 3.0 drivers had names of the form "VdeviceD". See also device driver. API(Application Program[ming] Interface) The defined set of calls which a program may make to interact with or request services of the operating system or environment under which it is running. Because the inputs and outputs of the calls are well-defined, a program using the API can continue using the identical calls even if the internal organization of the program providing the API changes. extracted from PharLap's ftp://ftp.pharlap.com:/pub/286dosx/pharlapx.zip. Added by Ralf Brown, 4/14/95.

Intel SMBus(System Management Bus) A derivative of the I2C bus used for communication between various components of a computer, such as smart batteries and their chargers. In contrast to I2C, SMBus specifies fixed voltage levels (instead of relative to the power supply voltage) and a 10 KHz minimum clock rate (I2C minimum is 0). SMBus also specifies several timings which are not required by I2C. See also I2C, ACCESS.bus. info from Intel System Management Bus BIOS(Basic Input/Output System) A set of standardized calls giving low-level access to the hardware. The BIOS is the lowest software layer above the actual hardware and serves to insulate programs (and operating systems) which use it from the details of accessing the hardware directly. Interface Specification, Revision 1.0, February 15, 1995, by Intel Architecture Labs. Added 5/14/95.

Various Novell NetWare info available at ftp://ftp.urz.uni-heidelberg/pub/novell/unsupported; SC4X01.ZIP info (many NetWare INT 21/F216h,F217h,F268h,F27Bh subfunctions; written by Wolfgang Schreiber) added 8/95.

Pentium Local APIC info from Pentium Processor System Architecture (second edition), by MindShare, Inc. (Addison-Wesley 1995, ISBN 0-201-40992-5). Added by Ralf Brown, 9/8/95.

ATA-2 info from ATIBM PC AT Attachment Interface with Extensions (ATA-2), Revision 3 (January 17, 1995), document of the X3T10 standardization committee. Added 9/9/95.

ATA-3 info from ATIBM PC AT Attachment-3 Interface (ATA-3), Revision 1 (April 25, 1995), document of the X3T10 standardization committee. Added 9/9/95.

Enhanced Disk Drive Spec v1.1 (and INT 13 Extensions v2.1) from Enhanced Disk Drive Specification Version 1.1, January 26, 1995. Added 9/10/95.

Bootable CD-ROM info from "El Torito" Bootable CD-ROM Format Specification Version 1.0, November 14, 1994, by Phoenix Technologies and IBMInternational Busiuness MachinesInternational Busiuness Machines) A hardware, software and other service technology company founded in 1911.. Added 9/10/95.

PCI configuration info from PCI System Architecture (third edition), by MindShare, Inc. (Addison-Wesley 1995, ISBN 0-201-40993-3). Added by Ralf Brown, 9/10/95.

Most PCI vendor IDs from Linux v1.3.25 include/linux/pci.h by Drew Eckhardt, dated 9/8/95. Added by Ralf Brown, 9/15/95.

EPP BIOS(Basic Input/Output System) A set of standardized calls giving low-level access to the hardware. The BIOS is the lowest software layer above the actual hardware and serves to insulate programs (and operating systems) which use it from the details of accessing the hardware directly. Revision 7 from IEEE 1284 Enhanced Parallel Port BIOS(Basic Input/Output System) A set of standardized calls giving low-level access to the hardware. The BIOS is the lowest software layer above the actual hardware and serves to insulate programs (and operating systems) which use it from the details of accessing the hardware directly. Specification, Revision 7, dated 3/9/94. Added by Ralf Brown, 9/17/95.

Many additional NetWare functions (particularly NCP calls) from Chapters 1-8 and portions of Chapters 9-15 of the NetWare API(Application Program[ming] Interface) The defined set of calls which a program may make to interact with or request services of the operating system or environment under which it is running. Because the inputs and outputs of the calls are well-defined, a program using the API can continue using the identical calls even if the internal organization of the program providing the API changes. reference available online from http://www.novell.com. Added by Ralf Brown, 9/95 and 10/95.

Multiprocessor Specification info from Multiprocessor Specification, Version 1.4, July 1995 (Intel order number 242016-004, available online from http://www.intel.com). Added by Ralf Brown, 9/20/95.

Smart Battery protocol info from Duracell Intel Smart Battery Data Specification, Revision 1.0, February 15, 1995. Added by Ralf Brown, 9/21/95.

Additional Plug-and-Play info from Plug and Play System Architecture, by MindShare, Inc. (Addison-Wesley 1995, ISBN 0-201-41013-3). Added by Ralf Brown, 9/23/95.

PCI BIOS(Basic Input/Output System) A set of standardized calls giving low-level access to the hardware. The BIOS is the lowest software layer above the actual hardware and serves to insulate programs (and operating systems) which use it from the details of accessing the hardware directly. v2.1 info and more-complete PCI vendor ID list from Programming Plug and Play, James Kelsey, Sams Publishing 1995. ISBN 0-672-30703-0. Added by Ralf Brown, 10/95.

Yet more PCI vendor IDs extracted from Intel PCD Systems Engineering's PCI.EXE v2.2. Added by Ralf Brown, 12/12/95.

Tandy 2000 BIOS(Basic Input/Output System) A set of standardized calls giving low-level access to the hardware. The BIOS is the lowest software layer above the actual hardware and serves to insulate programs (and operating systems) which use it from the details of accessing the hardware directly. calls from Programmer's Reference (for Tandy 2000), Catalog No. 26-5403, Copyright 1983. Added by Ralf Brown, 4/96.

More Windows95 calls from Win95 SDK: Programmer's Guide to Win95, MS-DOS Extensions. Added 5/11/96.

Pentium Pro Model-Specific Registers from Pentium Pro Family User's Guide, Volume 3, Appendix C (available on the March 1996 Intel Architecture Labs CD). Added by Ralf Brown, 10/16/96.

APM v1.2 calls and enhancements from Advanced Power Management (APM) BIOS(Basic Input/Output System) A set of standardized calls giving low-level access to the hardware. The BIOS is the lowest software layer above the actual hardware and serves to insulate programs (and operating systems) which use it from the details of accessing the hardware directly. Interface Specification, Revision 1.2 (February 1996, available on the March 1996 Intel Architecture Labs CD). Added by Ralf Brown, 10/17/96.

Information on FAT32 calls from FAT32API.HLP. Added 10/22/96.

SCSI(Small Computer Systems Interface) A system-independent expansion bus typically used to connect hard disks, tape drives, and CD-ROMs to a computer. A host adapter connects the SCSI bus to the computer's own bus. See also ESDI, IDE. Command Data Block format, ASPI info, etc. from The Book of SCSI(Small Computer Systems Interface) A system-independent expansion bus typically used to connect hard disks, tape drives, and CD-ROMs to a computer. A host adapter connects the SCSI bus to the computer's own bus. See also ESDI, IDE. by Peter M. Ridge. Added by Ralf Brown, 11/3/96.

CardBus info from CardBus System Architecture by Mindshare, Inc. ISBN 0-201-40997-6. Added by Ralf Brown, 11/3/96.

InterWave Game API(Application Program[ming] Interface) The defined set of calls which a program may make to interact with or request services of the operating system or environment under which it is running. Because the inputs and outputs of the calls are well-defined, a program using the API can continue using the identical calls even if the internal organization of the program providing the API changes. and InterWave ports from InterWave™ IC Am78C201/202 Programmer's Guide, Revision 2, 1996. Added by Ralf Brown, 12/7/96.

PCI Power Management info from PCI Bus Power Management Interface Specification, Preliminary Review Draft Revision 0.93, November 22, 1996. Added by Ralf Brown, 15dec96.

Intel 82378ZB and 82379AB PCI configuration data and I/O ports from 82378ZB System I/O (SIO) and 82379AB System I/O APIC (SIO.A), available from http://www.intel.com as file 29057101.PDF. Added by Ralf Brown, 29dec96.

Intel 82437VX PCI configuration data from Intel 430VX PCIset 82437VX System Controller (TVX) and 82438VX Data Path Unit (TDX), available at http://www.intel.com as file 29055301.PDF. Added by Ralf Brown, 30dec96.

Intel 82439HX PCI configuration data from Intel 430HX PCIset 82439HX System Controller (TXC), available on http://www.intel.com as file 29055101.PDF. Added by Ralf Brown, 30dec96.

Intel 82371FB/82371SB PCI configuration data and I/O ports from 82371FB (PIIX) and 82371SB (PIIX3) PCI ISA(Industry-Standard Architecture) The expansion bus used by the IBMInternational Busiuness Machines PCIBM PC/ATIBM PC AT. See also EISA. IDE(Integrated Drive Electronics) A type of disk drive interface which essentially extends the PCIBM PC's expansion bus all the way to the drive and places the drive controller on the disk drive itself. See also ESDI. Xcelerator, available on http://www.intel.com as file 29055001.PDF. Added by Ralf Brown, 30dec96.

Intel 82441FX PCI configuration data from Intel 440FX PCIset 82441FX PCI and Memory Controller (PMC) and 82442FX Data Bus Accelerator (DBX), available on http://www.intel.com as file 29054901.PDF. Added by Ralf Brown, 30dec96.

Intel 82437MX PCI configuration data from Intel 430MX PCIset 82437MX Mobile System Controller (MTSC) and 82438MX Mobile Data Path (MTDP), available on http://www.intel.com as file 29052401.PDF. Added by Ralf Brown, 30dec96.

Intel 82437FX PCI configuration data from Intel 82430FX PCIset Datasheet 82437FX System Controller (TSC) and 82438FX Data Path Unit (TDP), available on http://www.intel.com as file 29051801.PDF. Added by Ralf Brown, 30dec96.

ATAPI Removable Media Device information from ATAPI Removable Media Device BIOS(Basic Input/Output System) A set of standardized calls giving low-level access to the hardware. The BIOS is the lowest software layer above the actual hardware and serves to insulate programs (and operating systems) which use it from the details of accessing the hardware directly. Specification, version 0.8, September 16, 1996; Compaq Computer Corporation and Phoenix Technologies. Added by Ralf Brown, 02jan97.

NetWare TCP/IPThe protocol suite originally developed by DARPA for use on its ARPAnet network, which is now known as the Internet. See also IP, TCP. API(Application Program[ming] Interface) The defined set of calls which a program may make to interact with or request services of the operating system or environment under which it is running. Because the inputs and outputs of the calls are well-defined, a program using the API can continue using the identical calls even if the internal organization of the program providing the API changes. info from "The RCB Interface to the LAN WorkPlace TCP/IPThe protocol suite originally developed by DARPA for use on its ARPAnet network, which is now known as the Internet. See also IP, TCP. Protocol Stack", available from occam.sjf.novell.com. Added by Ralf Brown, 04jan97.

Intel 82347/82351/82359 I/O ports from The Undocumented PCIBM PC, second edition. Added by Ralf Brown, 09jan97.

OpenHCI info from Open Host Controller Interface Specification for USBsee Universal Serial Bus, 10/16/96 preliminary release 1.0a. Added by Ralf Brown, 11jan97.

ACPI info from Advanced Configuration and Power Interface Specification, draft revision 0.9, October 14, 1996. Added by Ralf Brown, 11jan97.

PCI IRQ(Interrupt ReQuest) A hardware line connected to the interrupt controller chip which signals that a CPU interrupt should be generated. Routing Table Specification v1.0 from PCI IRQ(Interrupt ReQuest) A hardware line connected to the interrupt controller chip which signals that a CPU interrupt should be generated. Routing Table Specification, version 1.0, Microsoft Corporation, February 27, 1996. Added by Ralf Brown, 19jan97.

Many additional IBMInternational Busiuness MachinesInternational Busiuness Machines) A hardware, software and other service technology company founded in 1911. BIOS(Basic Input/Output System) A set of standardized calls giving low-level access to the hardware. The BIOS is the lowest software layer above the actual hardware and serves to insulate programs (and operating systems) which use it from the details of accessing the hardware directly. functions from http://www.surepath.ibm.com/documents/pcs/biosintr_func_list.html. Added by Ralf Brown, 12apr97.

Additional VxDA virtual device driver for Windows 3.x or 95. So called because nearly all of the Windows 3.0 drivers had names of the form "VdeviceD". See also device driver. service names from SERVICES.DAT included with VXDMON by Bryce Cogswell and Mark Russinovich. Added by Ralf Brown, 09jul97.

Intel 82434LX/NX (Mercury/Neptune) chipset info from "82434LX/82434NX PCI, CacheCaching is a method of increasing performance by keeping frequently-used data in a location which is more quickly accessed. The most common caches are disk caches (store disk sectors in RAM) and RAM caches (store portions of main memory in special high-speed RAM which may be accessed as fast as the CPU is capable of accessing memory). See also Delayed Write, Write-Through., and Memory Controller (PCMC)", (online as file 29047904.pdf). Added by Ralf Brown, 24aug97.

S.M.A.R.T. commands from "Self-Monitoring, Analysis, and Reporting Technology (S.M.A.R.T.), SFF-8035i", Revision 2.0, dated April 1, 1996. Added by Ralf Brown.

AWARD Plug-and-Play POSTsee Power-On Self-Test codes from http://www.asus.com.tw/Products/TECHREF/BIOS(Basic Input/Output System) A set of standardized calls giving low-level access to the hardware. The BIOS is the lowest software layer above the actual hardware and serves to insulate programs (and operating systems) which use it from the details of accessing the hardware directly./pnp-post.html Added 24aug97.

PentiumMMX updates from "Pentium Processor Family Developer's Manual (1997)", Intel document number 241428 (online as file 24142805.pdf). Added by Ralf Brown, 02sep97.

Am486 SMM(System Management Mode) A special CPU mode typically invoked on changes in power-supply status. In this mode, additional hidden memory becomes available for storing the CPU's state and a control program to deal with the needs of power management or other critical events. state-save map from "AMD BIOS(Basic Input/Output System) A set of standardized calls giving low-level access to the hardware. The BIOS is the lowest software layer above the actual hardware and serves to insulate programs (and operating systems) which use it from the details of accessing the hardware directly. Development Guide", file 19720C.PDF. Added by Ralf Brown, 03sep97.

OPTi 82C206 configuration register from ftp://ftp.opti.com/pub/chipsets/archive/206/Db026_01.pdf. Added by Ralf Brown, 05sep97.

OPTi 82C281/2 data from "OPTI CacheCaching is a method of increasing performance by keeping frequently-used data in a location which is more quickly accessed. The most common caches are disk caches (store disk sectors in RAM) and RAM caches (store portions of main memory in special high-speed RAM which may be accessed as fast as the CPU is capable of accessing memory). See also Delayed Write, Write-Through. Sx/ATIBM PC AT: 82C281 Data Book", Revision 1.1, 22aug91. Available as ftp://ftp.opti.com/pub/chipsets/archive/206/82c281.pdf. Added by Ralf Brown, 05sep97.

OPTi 82C283 data from "82C283: 386SX System Controller", available as ftp://ftp.opti.com/pub/chipsets/archive/283/Db012_10.pdf. Added by Ralf Brown, 05sep97.

(I2C(also IIC; the "2" is superscripted) Inter-Integrated Circuit Bus -- A moderate-speed serial communications bus originally invented by Philips in the early 1980s for consumer-electronics applications, such as inter-chip communication in a television set or high-end stereo. The I2C bus has recently appeared on PCs in video capture boards and similar devices, as well as (surprisingly) SDRAM DIMMs (for the on-board serial EEPROM). The ACCESS.bus is a derivative of the I2C bus which forms the physical layer of the Universal Serial Bus. Similary, the SMBus (System Management Bus) also uses I2C as its physical layer.) JEDEC manufacturer ID from http://www.eia.org/jedec/download/jep-106.pdf. Added by Ralf Brown, oct97.

(I2C(also IIC; the "2" is superscripted) Inter-Integrated Circuit Bus -- A moderate-speed serial communications bus originally invented by Philips in the early 1980s for consumer-electronics applications, such as inter-chip communication in a television set or high-end stereo. The I2C bus has recently appeared on PCs in video capture boards and similar devices, as well as (surprisingly) SDRAM DIMMs (for the on-board serial EEPROM). The ACCESS.bus is a derivative of the I2C bus which forms the physical layer of the Universal Serial Bus. Similary, the SMBus (System Management Bus) also uses I2C as its physical layer.) Documented VPX32xx info from file VPX3220.PDF, available from http://www.itt-sc.de. Added by Ralf Brown, oct97. (Undocumented info from my own poking around)

(I2C(also IIC; the "2" is superscripted) Inter-Integrated Circuit Bus -- A moderate-speed serial communications bus originally invented by Philips in the early 1980s for consumer-electronics applications, such as inter-chip communication in a television set or high-end stereo. The I2C bus has recently appeared on PCs in video capture boards and similar devices, as well as (surprisingly) SDRAM DIMMs (for the on-board serial EEPROM). The ACCESS.bus is a derivative of the I2C bus which forms the physical layer of the Universal Serial Bus. Similary, the SMBus (System Management Bus) also uses I2C as its physical layer.) VDP 3108 info from file VDP3108.PDF, available from http://www.itt-sc.de. Added by Ralf Brown, nov97.

(I2C(also IIC; the "2" is superscripted) Inter-Integrated Circuit Bus -- A moderate-speed serial communications bus originally invented by Philips in the early 1980s for consumer-electronics applications, such as inter-chip communication in a television set or high-end stereo. The I2C bus has recently appeared on PCs in video capture boards and similar devices, as well as (surprisingly) SDRAM DIMMs (for the on-board serial EEPROM). The ACCESS.bus is a derivative of the I2C bus which forms the physical layer of the Universal Serial Bus. Similary, the SMBus (System Management Bus) also uses I2C as its physical layer.) VDP 31xxB info from file VDP31xxB.PDF, available from http://www.itt-sc.de. Added by Ralf Brown, nov97.

(I2C(also IIC; the "2" is superscripted) Inter-Integrated Circuit Bus -- A moderate-speed serial communications bus originally invented by Philips in the early 1980s for consumer-electronics applications, such as inter-chip communication in a television set or high-end stereo. The I2C bus has recently appeared on PCs in video capture boards and similar devices, as well as (surprisingly) SDRAM DIMMs (for the on-board serial EEPROM). The ACCESS.bus is a derivative of the I2C bus which forms the physical layer of the Universal Serial Bus. Similary, the SMBus (System Management Bus) also uses I2C as its physical layer.) SDRAM Serial Presence Detection from file SPDSD_12.PDF, "SDRAM Serial Presence Detect (SPD) Data Structure (168- and SO-144 DIMM)", Revision 1.2, November 1997, available from http://www.intel.com. Added by Ralf Brown, 20dec97.

(I2C(also IIC; the "2" is superscripted) Inter-Integrated Circuit Bus -- A moderate-speed serial communications bus originally invented by Philips in the early 1980s for consumer-electronics applications, such as inter-chip communication in a television set or high-end stereo. The I2C bus has recently appeared on PCs in video capture boards and similar devices, as well as (surprisingly) SDRAM DIMMs (for the on-board serial EEPROM). The ACCESS.bus is a derivative of the I2C bus which forms the physical layer of the Universal Serial Bus. Similary, the SMBus (System Management Bus) also uses I2C as its physical layer.) X24C01A info from document x24c01a.pdf, available from http://www.xicor.com. Added by Ralf Brown, 03jan98.

(I2C(also IIC; the "2" is superscripted) Inter-Integrated Circuit Bus -- A moderate-speed serial communications bus originally invented by Philips in the early 1980s for consumer-electronics applications, such as inter-chip communication in a television set or high-end stereo. The I2C bus has recently appeared on PCs in video capture boards and similar devices, as well as (surprisingly) SDRAM DIMMs (for the on-board serial EEPROM). The ACCESS.bus is a derivative of the I2C bus which forms the physical layer of the Universal Serial Bus. Similary, the SMBus (System Management Bus) also uses I2C as its physical layer.) Raytheon TMC2361 info from document tmc2361.pdf, availble from http://www.raytheon.com. Added by Ralf Brown, 03jan98.

(I2C(also IIC; the "2" is superscripted) Inter-Integrated Circuit Bus -- A moderate-speed serial communications bus originally invented by Philips in the early 1980s for consumer-electronics applications, such as inter-chip communication in a television set or high-end stereo. The I2C bus has recently appeared on PCs in video capture boards and similar devices, as well as (surprisingly) SDRAM DIMMs (for the on-board serial EEPROM). The ACCESS.bus is a derivative of the I2C bus which forms the physical layer of the Universal Serial Bus. Similary, the SMBus (System Management Bus) also uses I2C as its physical layer.) Crystal Semiconductor CS4920/CS4920A/CS4921 info from file 4920A.PDF, available from http://www.crystal.com/ftp/pubs/. CS4922 info from file 4922.PDF. CS4952/53 info from file CS4952.PDF. Added by Ralf Brown, jan98.

S3 Trio32/Trio64 info from S3's "Trio32/Trio64 Graphics Accelerators", dated March 1995. Added by Ralf Brown, jan98.

AMD-640 info from "AMD-640 System Controller Data Sheet", file 21090C.PDF, dated June 1997. Added by Ralf Brown, 18jan98.

AMD-645 info from "AMD-645 Peripheral Bus Controller Data Sheet", file 21095B.PDF, dated June 1997. Added by Ralf Brown, 18jan98.

(I2C(also IIC; the "2" is superscripted) Inter-Integrated Circuit Bus -- A moderate-speed serial communications bus originally invented by Philips in the early 1980s for consumer-electronics applications, such as inter-chip communication in a television set or high-end stereo. The I2C bus has recently appeared on PCs in video capture boards and similar devices, as well as (surprisingly) SDRAM DIMMs (for the on-board serial EEPROM). The ACCESS.bus is a derivative of the I2C bus which forms the physical layer of the Universal Serial Bus. Similary, the SMBus (System Management Bus) also uses I2C as its physical layer.) Philips SAA5252 info from "SAA5252 Line Twenty-One Acquisition and Display", http://www.semiconductors.philips.com/acrobat/2005.pdf. Added by Ralf Brown, 20jan98.

Philips TSA5523M info from "TSA5523M 1.4 GHz I2C-bus Controlled Multimedia Synthesizer", http://www.semiconductors.philips.com/acrobat/2295.pdf. Added by Ralf Brown, 23jan98.

Philips TSA5055T info from "TSA5055T 2.5 GHz bi-directional I2C-bus Controlled Synthesizer", http://www.semiconductors.philips.com/acrobat/2471.pdf. Added by Ralf Brown, 23jan98.

Philips TSA5512 info from "TSA5512 1.3 GHz Bidirectional I2C-bus Controlled Synthesizer", http://www.semiconductors.philips.com/acrobat/2472.pdf. Added by Ralf Brown, 23jan98.

Philips TSA5515T info from "TSA5515T 1.3 GHz bi-directional I2C-bus Controlled Synthesizer", http://www.semiconductors.philips.com/acrobat/2474.pdf. Added by Ralf Brown, 23jan98.

C&T 82C450 BIOS(Basic Input/Output System) A set of standardized calls giving low-level access to the hardware. The BIOS is the lowest software layer above the actual hardware and serves to insulate programs (and operating systems) which use it from the details of accessing the hardware directly. info from "VGAVideo Graphics Array(Video Graphics Array) The video adapter introduced with the IBMInternational Busiuness Machines PS/2IBM PS/2, any model series of computers. BIOS(Basic Input/Output System) A set of standardized calls giving low-level access to the hardware. The BIOS is the lowest software layer above the actual hardware and serves to insulate programs (and operating systems) which use it from the details of accessing the hardware directly. OEM(Original Equipment Manufacturer) a company which purchases components that are resold as part of its own products under the company's own brand name, e.g. a Gateway 2000-branded monitor may actually be a Mag or NEC monitor. Reference Guide, January 1992", ftp://ftp.chips.com/pub/pdf/oc82c450.pdf. Added by Ralf Brown, 27jan98.

C&T 82C100 BIOS(Basic Input/Output System) A set of standardized calls giving low-level access to the hardware. The BIOS is the lowest software layer above the actual hardware and serves to insulate programs (and operating systems) which use it from the details of accessing the hardware directly. POSTsee Power-On Self-Test codes from "SXT BIOS(Basic Input/Output System) A set of standardized calls giving low-level access to the hardware. The BIOS is the lowest software layer above the actual hardware and serves to insulate programs (and operating systems) which use it from the details of accessing the hardware directly. OEM(Original Equipment Manufacturer) a company which purchases components that are resold as part of its own products under the company's own brand name, e.g. a Gateway 2000-branded monitor may actually be a Mag or NEC monitor. Reference Guide, July 1991", ftp://ftp.chips.com/pub/pdf/oc82c100.pdf. Added by Ralf Brown, 27jan98.

C&T 82C235 BIOS(Basic Input/Output System) A set of standardized calls giving low-level access to the hardware. The BIOS is the lowest software layer above the actual hardware and serves to insulate programs (and operating systems) which use it from the details of accessing the hardware directly. POSTsee Power-On Self-Test codes from "SCAT BIOS(Basic Input/Output System) A set of standardized calls giving low-level access to the hardware. The BIOS is the lowest software layer above the actual hardware and serves to insulate programs (and operating systems) which use it from the details of accessing the hardware directly. OEM(Original Equipment Manufacturer) a company which purchases components that are resold as part of its own products under the company's own brand name, e.g. a Gateway 2000-branded monitor may actually be a Mag or NEC monitor. Reference Guide, March 1992", ftp://ftp.chips.com/pub/pdf/oc82c235.pdf. Added by Ralf Brown, 27jan98.

C&T 64300 "Wingine DGX" BIOS(Basic Input/Output System) A set of standardized calls giving low-level access to the hardware. The BIOS is the lowest software layer above the actual hardware and serves to insulate programs (and operating systems) which use it from the details of accessing the hardware directly. calls from "Wingine DGX BIOS(Basic Input/Output System) A set of standardized calls giving low-level access to the hardware. The BIOS is the lowest software layer above the actual hardware and serves to insulate programs (and operating systems) which use it from the details of accessing the hardware directly. OEM(Original Equipment Manufacturer) a company which purchases components that are resold as part of its own products under the company's own brand name, e.g. a Gateway 2000-branded monitor may actually be a Mag or NEC monitor. Reference Guide", dated October 1994. ftp://ftp.chips.com/pub/pdf/oc64300.pdf. Added by Ralf Brown, 28jan98.

C&T 65530 BIOS(Basic Input/Output System) A set of standardized calls giving low-level access to the hardware. The BIOS is the lowest software layer above the actual hardware and serves to insulate programs (and operating systems) which use it from the details of accessing the hardware directly. calls from "OC65530 VGAVideo Graphics Array(Video Graphics Array) The video adapter introduced with the IBMInternational Busiuness Machines PS/2IBM PS/2, any model series of computers. BIOS(Basic Input/Output System) A set of standardized calls giving low-level access to the hardware. The BIOS is the lowest software layer above the actual hardware and serves to insulate programs (and operating systems) which use it from the details of accessing the hardware directly. OEM(Original Equipment Manufacturer) a company which purchases components that are resold as part of its own products under the company's own brand name, e.g. a Gateway 2000-branded monitor may actually be a Mag or NEC monitor. Reference Guide", dated June 1993. ftp://ftp.chips.com/pub/pdf/oc65530.pdf. Added by Ralf Brown, 28jan98.

C&T F87000 info from "F87000 Multi-Mode Peripheral Chip - Data Sheet, November 1993", ftp://ftp.chips.com/pub/pdf/f87000.pdf. Added by Ralf Brown, 28jan98.

C&T N93N8042/A keyboard controller info from "N93N8042/A ATIBM PC AT Keyboard Controller Data Sheet, September 1991", ftp://ftp.chips.com/pub/pdf/n93n8042.pdf. Added by Ralf Brown, 28jan98.

OPTi 82C391/82C392 data from "OPTi-386WB PCIBM PC/ATIBM PC AT Chipset: 82C391/82C392 Data Book", Version 1.1, 19dec90, available as ftp://ftp.opti.com/pub/chipsets/archive/391/82c391.pdf. Transcribed by Roger Scudder, added 29jan98.

OPTi 82C291 data from "82C291: SXWB PCIBM PC/ATIBM PC AT Chipset", available as ftp://ftp.opti.com/pub/chipsets/archive/291/Db011_10.pdf. Added by Ralf Brown, 05sep97 and David Brioso, 29jan98.

OPTi "Viper" (82C556/557/558) chipset data from "Viper-DP Desktop Chipset for the 3.3V Pentium Processor, M1 and K5 Processors: Data Book", Revision 1.0, 1/95; ftp://ftp.opti.com/pub/chipsets/archive/viper/Db023_10.pdf. Transcribed by David Brioso, added 29jan98.

OPTi 82C463MV data from "Mixed Voltage Single Chip Notebook: 82C463MV Data Book", Version 1.0b, 30sep93, available as ftp://ftp.opti.com/pub/chipsets/archive/463/Db463mv.pdf. Transcribed by Pino Navato, added 29jan98.

OPTi 82C381/82C382 data from "HiD/386 ATIBM PC AT Chipset", available as ftp://ftp.opti.com/pub/chipsets/archive/381/82c381.pdf. Transcribed by Roger Scudder, added 29jan98.

Philips TDA8366 info from "TDA8366 I2C-bus controlled PAL/NTSC TV processor", http://www.semiconductors.philips.com/acrobat/2086.pdf. Added by Ralf Brown, 31jan98.

WindowsNT NTOS function numbers from a Usenet posting by Peter-Michael Hayer <Hager@dortmund.net>. Added 02feb98.

Intel 82091AA info from "82091AA Advanced Integrated Peripheral (AIP)", http://www.intel.com/design/periphrl/datashts/290486.htm. Added by Ralf Brown, 15feb98.

Intel 82380AB info from "Intel 380FB PCIset: 82380AB Mobile PCI-to-ISA Bridge (MISA)", http://www.intel.com/design/pcisets/datashts/290563.htm. Added by Ralf Brown, 15feb98.

Intel 82380FB info from "Intel 380FB PCIset: 82380FB Mobile PCI-to-PCI Bridge (MPCI2)", http://www.intel.com/design/pcisets/datashts/290567.htm. Added by Ralf Brown, 15feb98.

Intel SE440BX ("Seattle") motherboard POSTsee Power-On Self-Test codes from "SE440BX Motherboard Technical Product Specification", file 69114101.pdf. Added by Ralf Brown, 16may98.

OPTi "FireLink" (82C861) data from "FireLink / FireBlast 82C861/82C871 PCI-to-USB Bus Bridges: Preliminary Data Book"; available as ftp://ftp.opti.com/pub/chipsets/system/861/pd022_20.pdf. Transcribed by Teppo Lehtonen <lehto@sci.fi>, added 28jun98.

Intel 82371MX info from "Intel 430MX PCIset: 82371MX Mobile PCI I/O IDE(Integrated Drive Electronics) A type of disk drive interface which essentially extends the PCIBM PC's expansion bus all the way to the drive and places the drive controller on the disk drive itself. See also ESDI. Xcelerator (MPIIX)", http://www.intel.com/design/pcisets/datashts/290525.htm. Transcribed by Craig Hart <chart@hyperlink.net.au>, added 25jul98.

Chips&Technologies PCIBM PC Video (82C9001A) info from "82C9001A PCIBM PC Video: Video Windowing Controller", ftp://ftp.chips.com/pub/pdf/cs82c9001a.pdf. Transcribed by Teppo Lehtonen <lehto@sci.fi>, added 27jul98.

OPTi "Vendetta" (82C750) data from "Vendetta Single-Chip MultiMedia PCIBM PC Solution: Preliminary Data Book"; available as ftp://ftp.opti.com/pub/chipsets/system/vendetta/pd020_20.pdf. Transcribed by Teppo Lehtonen <lehto@sci.fi>, added jul98.

OPTi 82C493/82C392 data from "OPTi-486SXWB PCIBM PC/ATIBM PC AT Chipset", Version 1.1, 16aug91; ftp://ftp.opti.com/pub/chipsets/archive/493/82c493_392.pdf. Transcribed by Tom Creamer <tom_creamer@manorcare.com>, added 28jul98.

Via Technologies' VT82C496G info from "VT82C496G/VT82C406MV Green PCIBM PC 80486 PCI/VL/ISA(Industry-Standard Architecture) The expansion bus used by the IBMInternational Busiuness Machines PCIBM PC/ATIBM PC AT. See also EISA. System Data Sheet", http://www.via.com.tw/496pluto.pdf. Transcribed by Teppo Lehtonen, added 31jul98.

Via's VT82C570M info from "VT82C570M Apollo Master", http://www.via.com.tw/570m.pdf. Transcribed by Teppo Lehtonen, added 31jul98.

Intel 82443LX (440LX) info from http://www.intel.com/design/pcisets/datashts/290564.htm. Transcribed by Craig Hart, added 04aug98.

C&T 64310 info from "Wingine DGX - PCI DRAM(Dynamic Random Access Memory) RAM memory which essentially consists of a tiny capacitor for each bit of memory. Since capacitors do not hold a charge indefinitely, DRAM must be constantly refreshed to avoid losing its contents. Also, the process of reading the contents of the memory are destructive, meaning extra time must be spent restoring the contents of memory addresses which are accessed, so DRAM is slower than SRAM. See also Refresh, SRAM. Graphics Accelerator Data Sheet", Revision 1.0, dated December 1994. ftp://ftp.chips.com/pub/pdf/64310_ds.pdf. Transcribed by Teppo Lehtonen, added 23aug98.

PicoPower Vesuvius info from "PicoPower VESUVIUS-LS Preliminary Data Book", http://www.national.com/ds/VS/PT/PT86C521-VC-B.pdf. Transcribed by Teppo Lehtonen, added 23aug98.

Ensoniq AudioPCI ES1370 info from file es1370.doc, available at http://www.ensoniq.com/multimedia/semi_html/html/es1370.zip. Transcribed by Teppo Lehtonen, added 23aug98.

Ensoniq AudioPCI-97 ES1371 info from file es1371.doc, available at http://www.ensoniq.com/multimedia/semi_html/html/es1370.zip. Transcribed by Teppo Lehtonen, added 23aug98.

Intel 440EX chipset info from "Intel 440EX AGPset: 82443EX PCI AGP Controller (PAC) Datasheet", http://www.intel.com/design/pcisets/datashts/290616.htm. Transcribed by Craig Hart, added 28aug98.

CL-PD6710/6722 info from "CL-PD6710/'22 ISA-to-PC-Card Host Adapters", http://www.cirrus.com/ftp/pubs/pd6710db.pdf. Transcribed by Teppo Lehtonen, added 28aug98.

CL-PD6729 info from "CL-PD6729 PCI-to-PCMCIA Host Adapter", http://www.cirrus.com/ftp/pubs/pd6729db.pdf. Transcribed by Teppo Lehtonen, added 28aug98.

Intel 82595FX info from "82595FX ISA(Industry-Standard Architecture) The expansion bus used by the IBMInternational Busiuness Machines PCIBM PC/ATIBM PC AT. See also EISA. Bus High-Integration Ethernet Controller", http://www.intel.com/design/network/datashts/281732.htm. Transcribed by Teppo Lehtonen, 9/98, added 01jan99.

Adaptec AHA-154x info from "AHA-1540A/1542A User's Manual", dated 1989. Added 01jan99.

Philips SAA7110/7110A info from "SAA7110/SAA7110A One Chip Front-end 1 (OCF1)", http://www.semiconductors.philips.com/acrobat/2007.pdf. Transcription by Roger Scudder, 10/98. Added 01jan98.

ATASPI info from "ATA Software Programming Interface (ATASPI) Specification for DOS and Windows Operating Systems", Version 0.72, December 20, 1994. ftp://ftp.adaptec.com/pub/BBS/FutureDomain/atap072.exe. Added 15jul00.

C&T 64200 info from "64200 (Wingine) High Performance Windows Engine", ftp://ftp.chips.com/pub/pdf/64200.pdf. (to be added)

Intel 82374EB/SB info from "82374EB/82374SB EISA(Enhanced Industry-Standard Architecture) A 32-bit superset of the IBMInternational Busiuness Machines ATIBM PC AT's expansion bus (which is now known as the ISA or Industry-Standard Architecture bus). System Component (ESC)", http://www.intel.com/design/pcisets/datashts/290476.htm. (to be added)

Intel 82439TX (430TX) info from "Intel 430TX PCIset: 82439TX System Controller (MTXC)", http://www.intel.com/design/pcisets/datashts/290559.htm. (to be added)

Intel 82371AB (PIIX4) info from "", http://www.intel.com/design/pcisets/datashts/290562.htm. (to be added)

Intel 82595TX info from "82595TX ISA(Industry-Standard Architecture) The expansion bus used by the IBMInternational Busiuness Machines PCIBM PC/ATIBM PC AT. See also EISA./PCMCIA High-Integration Ethernet Controller", http://www.intel.com/design/network/datashts/281630.htm. [p.16-34] (to be added)

OPTi 82C295 data from "82C295: SLCWB PCIBM PC/ATIBM PC AT Chipset", available as ftp://ftp.opti.com/pub/chipsets/archive/295/Db010_10.pdf. (to be added)

Crystal Semiconductors CS4239 info from "CS4239 Advanced Product Databook", available as 4239.PDF from http://www.cirrus.com. (to be added)

Crystal Semicondutors CS4610/4611 info from "CS4610/11 CrystalClear™ SoundFusion™ PCI Audio Accelerator", available as 4610.pdf from http://www.cirrus.com. (to be added)

OPTi 82C491/82C392 data from "OPTi-486WB PCIBM PC/ATIBM PC AT Chipset", Version 1.1, 26apr91, available as ftp://ftp.opti.com/pub/chipsets/archive/491/Db491_11.pdf. (to be added)

OPTi 82C465MV/MVA/MVB data from ""; ftp://ftp.opti.com/pub/chipsets/system/465/db016_20.pdf. (to be added)

OPTi "FireFox" (82C824) data from "FireFox 82C824 32-bit PCIBM PC Card Controller: Preliminary Data Book", Revision 3.0, 26aug96; available as ftp://ftp.opti.com/pub/chipsets/system/824/pd013_30.pdf. (to be added)

OPTi "FireBridge 2" (82C825) data from "FireBridge II 82C825 Docking Station Controller Data Book", Revision 1.0, 27jun97; available as ftp://ftp.opti.com/pub/chipsets/system/825/db046_10.pdf. (to be added)

OPTi "FireFly" (82C852) data from "FireFly 82C852 16-bit PCIBM PC Card Controller: Preliminary Data Book", Revision 1.0, 6jun96; available as ftp://ftp.opti.com/pub/chipsets/system/852/pd018_10.pdf. (to be added)

Philips SAA7111 info from "SAA7111 Video Input Processor (VIP)", http://www.semiconductors.philips.com/acrobat/2211.pdf. (to be added)

Philips SAA7111A info from "SAA7111A Enhanced Video Input Processor (EVIP)", http://www.semiconductors.philips.com/acrobat/2278.pdf. (to be added)

Philips TDA9850 info from "TDA9850 I2C-bus Controlled BTSC stereo/SAP decoder", http://www.semiconductors.philips.com/acrobat/2144.pdf. (to be added)

Brooktree Bt819A/817A/815A info from document l819a_c.pdf, available from http://www.brooktree.com. (to be added)

Harris HMP8115 info from "HMP8115 NTSC/PAL Video Decoder", file fn4283.pdf, available at http://www.semi.harris.com/families/mmedia.htm. (to be added)

Harris HMP8154/8156A info from "HMP8154, HMP8156A NTSC/PAL Encoders", file fn4343.pdf, available at http://www.semi.harris.com/families/mmedia.htm. (to be added)

Harris HMP8156 info from "HMP8156 NTSC/PAL Encoder", file fn4269.pdf, available at http://www.semi.harris.com/families/mmedia.htm. (to be added)

Harris HMP817x info from "HMP8170, HMP8171, HMP8172, HMP8173 NTSC/PAL Video Encoder", available at http://www.semi.harris.com/families/mmedia.htm. (to be added)

National Semiconductor PC87306 SuperI/O info from "PC87306 SuperI/O™ Enhanced Sidewinder Lite", http://www.national.com/ds/PCIBM PC/PC87306.pdf. (to be added)

National Semiconductor PC87311A SuperI/O II info from "PC87311A/PC87312 (SuperI/O II/III)", http://www.national.com/ds/PCIBM PC/PC87311A.pdf. (to be added)

National Semiconductor PC87323VUL SuperI/O info from "PC87323VUL SuperI/O ™ Sidewinder", http://www.national.com/ds/PCIBM PC/PC87323V.pdf. (to be added)

National Semiconductor PC87332VLJ SuperI/O info from "PC87332VLJ and PC87332VLJ-5 (SuperI/O™ III Premium Green)", http://www.national.com/ds/PCIBM PC/PC87332VLJ.pdf. (to be added)

National Semiconductor PC87550 info from "PC87550 PCI System Controller", http://www.national.com/ds/PCIBM PC/PC87550.pdf. (to be added)

TI 16C750 UART(Universal Asyncronous Receiver/Transmitter) A peripheral device which converts a sequence of bytes into a serial bit stream at a programmable rate, and vice versa. This device is what makes an RS-232 serial port function. See also USART. info from "TL16C750 Asynchronous Communications Element with 64-Byte FIFOs and Autoflow Control", file slls191b.pdf at http://www.ti.com. (to be added)

Via's VT82C586A info from "VT82C586A PCI Integrated Peripheral Controller", http://www.via.com.tw/586a.pdf. (to be added)

TVP4010 info from "TVP4010 Data Manual: 3D Graphics Processor", file SLAS155.PDF, available from http://www.ti.com. (to be added)

Harris HMP8130/8131 info from "HMP8130, HMP8131 NTSC/PAL Video Decoders with PCI Interface", file fn4354.pdf, available at http://www.semi.harris.com/families/mmedia.htm. (to be added)

SMBIOS v2.1 info from http://www.ptltd.com/techs/smbios/htframe.html. (to be added)

CL-GD1052/1053 info from "CL-GD1052/GD1053 Digital NTSC/PAL Encoder with Flicker Reduction", http://www.cirrus.com/ftp/pubs/gd1052db.pdf. (to be added)

CD-GD542x info from "True Color VGAVideo Graphics Array(Video Graphics Array) The video adapter introduced with the IBMInternational Busiuness Machines PS/2IBM PS/2, any model series of computers. Family CL-GD542X Technical Reference Manual", ftp://ftp.pubs/gd542xtrm.pdf" target="_blank">http://www.cirrus.com/ftp://ftp.pubs/gd542xtrm.pdf. (to be added)

CD-GD5446 info from "CL-GD5446 Technical Reference Manual", ftp://ftp.pubs/gd5446trm.pdf" target="_blank">http://www.cirrus.com/ftp://ftp.pubs/gd5446trm.pdf. (to be added)

CL-GD7541/7543 info from "CL-GD7541/GD7543 Preliminary Data Book", http://www.cirrus.com/ftp/pubs/gd7543db.pdf. (to be added)

CL-GD7548 info from "CL-GD7548 Advance Hardware Reference Manual", http://www.cirrus.com/ftp/pubs/gd7548hrm.pdf. (to be added)

CL-GD7556 info from "CL-GD7556 Advance Hardware Reference Manual", http://www.cirrus.com/ftp/pubs/gd7556hrm.pdf. (to be added)

Philips TDA837x info from "TDA837x I2C-bus controlled economy PAL/NTSC and NTSC TV processors", http://www.semiconductors.philips.com/acrobat/2191.pdf. (to be added)

Philips TDA8443A info from "TDA8443A I2C-bus controlled YUVA color specification mechanism used in NTSC-type color television signals. Y represents luminance (overall brightness, the only part of the signal used by black-and-white televisions), while U and V are chrominance (color) information. Also called YIQ. See also RGB./RGB(Red-Green-Blue) The color specification mechanism normally used in computer displays, where colors are separated into their primary-color components. See also YUV. switch", http://www.semiconductors.philips.com/acrobat/2101.pdf. (to be added)

ATAPI info from "ATA Packet Interface for CD-ROMs (SFF-8020i)", Revision 2.6, ftp://fission.dt.wdc.com/pub/standards/SFF/specs/8020_26p.pdf; and "Errata for ATAPI for CD-ROMs (SFF-8028)", .../8028.pdf. (to be added)

ATAPI extensions for DVD from "Mt. Fuji Commands for CD and DVD Devices", Version 2 Revision 0.9, ftp://fission.dt.wdc.com/pub/standards/SFF/specs/8099v2r9.pdf. (to be added)

Bus Master IDE(Integrated Drive Electronics) A type of disk drive interface which essentially extends the PCIBM PC's expansion bus all the way to the drive and places the drive controller on the disk drive itself. See also ESDI. API(Application Program[ming] Interface) The defined set of calls which a program may make to interact with or request services of the operating system or environment under which it is running. Because the inputs and outputs of the calls are well-defined, a program using the API can continue using the identical calls even if the internal organization of the program providing the API changes. from "Information Specification for Bus Master Programming Interface for IDE(Integrated Drive Electronics) A type of disk drive interface which essentially extends the PCIBM PC's expansion bus all the way to the drive and places the drive controller on the disk drive itself. See also ESDI. ATA Controllers, Rev. 1.0", dated May 16, 1994. ftp://fission.dt.wdc.com/pub/standards/SFF/specs/8038_r1.pdf. (to be added)

Bt8230 info from "Bt8230 ATM Segmentation and Reassembly Controller - SRC", http://204.251.120.179/brok01_assets/product_images/L8230E.pdf. (to be added)

C&T 64300/64301 info from "", ftp://ftp.chips.com/pub/pdf/64300_01.pdf. (to be added)

C&T 82C311/82C315/82C316 info from "", ftp://ftp.chips.com/pub/pdf/cs8233.pdf. (to be added)

C&T CS82310 from "CS82310 CHIPSet PEAK/DM Data Book", dated February 1991. ftp://ftp.chips.com/pub/pdf/cs82310.pdf. (to be added)

C&T CS4021 info from "ISA(Industry-Standard Architecture) The expansion bus used by the IBMInternational Busiuness Machines PCIBM PC/ATIBM PC AT. See also EISA./486: The 4021 CHIPSet Databook", Revision 1.0. ftp://ftp.chips.com/pub/pdf/cs4021.pdf. (to be added)

DEC DC21041 Ethernet info from "Digital Semiconductor 21041 PCI Ethernet LAN Controller Hardware Reference Manual", Order Number EC-QAWXB-TE, http://ftp.digital.com/pub/Digital/info/semiconductor/literature/21041hm.pdf. (to be added)

DEC DC21140 Fast Ethernet info from "Digital Semiconductor 21140A PCI Fast Ethernet LAN Controller Hardware Reference Manual", Order Number EC-QN7NE-TE, http://ftp.digital.com/pub/Digital/info/semiconductor/literature/21140ahm.pdf. (to be added) p.35

DEC 21143 Ethernet info from "DIGITAL Semiconductor 21143 PCI/CardBus 10/100-Mb/s Ethernet LAN Controller Hardware Reference Manual", Order Number EC-QWC4F-TE, http://ftp.digital.com/pub/Digital/info/semiconductor/literature/21143hrm.pdf. (to be added) p.62

DEC 21052 PCI-PCI bridge info from "Digital Semiconductor 21052 PCI-to-PCI Bridge Data Sheet", Order Number EC-QHURB-TE, http://ftp.digital.com/pub/Digital/info/semiconductor/literature/21052ds.pdf. (to be added)

DEC 21150 info from "", http://ftp.digital.com/pub/Digital/info/semiconductor/literature/21150ds.pdf. (to be added) p.148

DEC 21152 info from "", http://ftp.digital.com/pub/Digital/info/semiconductor/literature/21152ds.pdf. (to be added) p.137

DEC 21153 info from "", http://ftp.digital.com/pub/Digital/info/semiconductor/literature/21153ds.pdf. (to be added) p.158

DEC 21154 info from "", http://ftp.digital.com/pub/Digital/info/semiconductor/literature/21154ds.pdf. (to be added) p.158

DEC 21230 info from "Digital Semiconductor 21230 Video Codec Technical Reference Manual", Order Number: EC-QJG5D-TE, http://ftp.digital.com/pub/Digital/info/semiconductor/literature/21230tm.pdf. (to be added) p.74-114

DEC 21230/231 info from "Digital Semiconductor 21230 Video Codec/21231 Video Output Logic Technical Reference Manual", Order Number: EC-R30TA-TE, http://ftp.digital.com/pub/Digital/info/semiconductor/literature/230_31rm.pdf. (to be added)

DEC 21340 info from "DIGITAL Semiconductor 21340 10/100-Mb/s Managed Buffered Port Switch Data Sheet", Order Number: EC-R0UEB-TE, http://ftp.digital.com/pub/Digital/info/semiconductor/literature/21340ds.pdf. (to be added) p.110-214

DEC 21440 info from "DIGITAL Semiconductor 21440 Multiport 10/100Mbps Ethernet Controller Data Sheet", Order Number: EC-R471A-TE, http://ftp.digital.com/pub/Digital/info/semiconductor/literature/21440ds.pdf. (to be added) p.28-65

DEC 21553/21554 info from "DIGITAL Semiconductor 2155x PCI-to-PCI Bridge for Embedded Applications - Hardware Reference Manual", Order Number: EC-R8WGA-TE, http://ftp.digital.com/pub/Digital/info/semiconductor/literature/55xhrm.pdf. (to be added) p.90-177

ITT MAS 3507D info from "MAS 3507D MPEG 1/2 Layer 2/3 Audio Decoder - Preliminary Data Sheet", http://www.itt-sc.de/pdf/mas3507d.pdf. (to be added) p.15-25

ITT MSP 3400C info from "MSP 3400C Multistandard Sound Processor - Preliminary Data Sheet", http://www.itt-sc.de/pdf/msp3400c.pdf. (to be added) p.16-42

Intel 440BX chipset info from "Intel 440BX AGPset: 82443BX Host Bridge/Controller - Datasheet", http://www.intel.com/design/pcisets/datashts/290633.htm. (to be added) p.30-86.

ITT VPC 32xx info from "", http://www.itt-sc.de/pdf/vpc3200a.pdf (to be added) p.18-30

Cirrus Crystal CS5396/5397 info from http://www.cirrus.com/ftp/pubs/5396.pdf [p.19,25-30] (to be added)

Crystal CS7615 CCD Imager Analog Processor info from http://www.cirrus.com/ftp/pubs/7615.pdf (to be added)

Crystal CS7665 Digital Color Space Processor info from http://www.cirrus.com/ftp/pubs/7665.pdf (to be added)

Crystal CS8425 Audio LAN Transceiver info from http://www.cirrus.com/ftp/pubs/8425.pdf (to be added)

Crystal CS4226 info from http://www.cirrus.com/ftp/pubs/4226.pdf (to be added)

Crystal CS4222 info from http://www.cirrus.com/ftp/pubs/4222.pdf (to be added)

Crystal CS4225 info from http://www.cirrus.com/ftp/pubs/4225.pdf (to be added)

Crystal CS4227 info from http://www.cirrus.com/ftp/pubs/4227.pdf (to be added)

Crystal CS4922 info from http://www.cirrus.com/ftp/pubs/4922.pdf (to be added)

Crystal CS4923 info from http://www.cirrus.com/ftp/pubs/4923.pdf (to be added)

Crystal CS4610 info from http://www.cirrus.com/ftp/pubs/4610.pdf (to be added)

Crystal CS4614 info from http://www.cirrus.com/ftp/pubs/4614.pdf (to be added)

Crystal CS4622 info from http://www.cirrus.com/ftp/pubs/4622.pdf (to be added)

Crystal CS4280 info from http://www.cirrus.com/ftp/pubs/4280.pdf (to be added)

Crystal CS4952 info from http://www.cirrus.com/ftp/pubs/4952.pdf (to be added)

Mouse wheel information derived from the "CuteMouse WheelAPI". https://github.com/FDOS/mouse/blob/master/wheelapi.txt

[see BIBLIO.LST]